What Is a Helical Spring?

The coil spring is just an accumulator. It has the function of storing energy, but it cannot release the energy slowly. To achieve the slow release function, it should be realized by "spring + large gear ratio mechanism", which is common in mechanical watches. Coil springs have been in use for a long time, and ancient bows and crossbows are two kinds of coil springs in a broad sense.

Coil spring

1. According to the characteristics of the load during work, the coil spring can be divided into three types: compression, tension and torsion;

2. According to the structural characteristics, it can be divided into two categories: cylindrical coil springs and variable diameter coil springs; variable diameter coil springs mainly bear compression loads;

3. According to its shape and characteristics, it can be divided into conical shape, scroll shape, concave shape and convex shape.

4. In production and use, coil springs can also be divided into two types: large coil springs and small coil springs according to different forming methods and material diameters; the former is usually hot forming, and the latter is cold forming.

5. Other classifications

There are many types of coil springs, which can be divided into:

Ordinary cylindrical coil spring;

Reducing coil spring.

According to the direction of the spiral line, it can be divided into:

Left-hand spring

Right-handed spring.

Reduced diameter coil springs are divided into: conical coil springs, spiral coil springs, and concave coil springs.

Across-sectional area of spring material (mm & sup2;); equivalent bending stiffness (N / mm); coefficient

aThe length of the side of the distance section material perpendicular to the spring axis (mm); coefficient

Bbending stiffness of plate (N / mm); coefficient

bheight-to-diameter ratio; the length of the side of the section material parallel to the spring axis (mm); coefficient

Cspiral spring winding ratio; disc spring diameter ratio; coefficient

DSpring diameter (mm)

D1Inner diameter of spring (mm)

D2outer diameter of spring (mm)

ddiameter of spring material (mm)

ESpring modulus (MPa)

Fload of spring (N)

F '-the stiffness of the spring

Fj working limit load of spring (N)

FoThe initial tensile force of the cylindrical tensile spring (N)

Frradial load of spring (N)

F'rradial stiffness of spring (N / mm)

FsTest load of spring (N)

fthe amount of deformation of the spring (mm)

fjDeformation under working limit load Fj (mm)

frstatic deformation of spring (mm)

fsdeformation of spring under test load Fs (mm); linear static deformation (mm)

fothe assumed deformation amount of the tension spring corresponding to the tension Fo (mm); the center deformation amount of the diaphragm (mm)

GShear Modulus of Material (MPa)

g

1. Precise adjustment performance. That is, the relationship between force and displacement is very sensitive;

2. Good softness, that is, the range of deformation is relatively wide;

3. Easy to manufacture;

4.Compact structure;

5. High energy interest rates.

Examples of features:

Conical coil springs have better cushioning performance and can withstand larger loads.

The spiral coil spring can store more energy and bear larger loads, but the manufacturing process is more complicated.

The performance of the concave concave coil spring is similar to that of the conical coil spring, and it is mostly used for cushions and mattresses.

Spring steel wire has round and rectangular loading surfaces, and circular cross sections are most commonly used.

The coil spring is a torsion spring, which is a spring that undergoes torsional deformation. Its working part is also closely wound into a spiral shape. The end structure of the torsion spring is a torsion arm machined into various shapes, not a hook ring. Torsion springs are often used in balancing mechanisms in machinery, and are widely used in industrial production of automobiles, machine tools, and electrical appliances.

Control the movement of machinery, such as

First, bearing the weight of the vehicle body, that is to say, most of the weight of ordinary vehicles is borne by springs.

Second, to reduce road bumps, the coil spring is a buffer element. When the impact force of the road on the wheel is transmitted to the coil spring, the coil spring deforms, absorbs the kinetic energy of the wheel, and converts it into the potential energy (potential energy) of the coil spring, thereby alleviating The impact of the ground impact on the body. However, the coil spring itself does not consume energy, and the spring that has stored potential energy will return to its original shape, turning the potential energy back into kinetic energy. If you use the spring alone without damping elements, some light cars will continue to move up and down after being hit by an impact like an acrobat jumps on a "trampoline."

In the application of automobile manufacturing, the independently suspended axle is divided into two sections, and each wheel is independently installed under the frame by a coil spring. When a wheel jumps on one side, the other wheel is not affected, and the wheels on both sides can move independently, improving The smoothness and comfort of the car. ^[4]