What Is a Pedestrian Gate?

Veranda is a kind of passageway of classical architecture. It is mostly used in gardens and courtyards. It is not only a pedestrian walkway, but also a place for visitors to stay, relax, and watch. It divides the scenic area, causes various spatial changes, increases the depth of field, and guides the best viewing routes. ^[1]

The veranda is a covered loggia attached to the exterior of the building, used to connect various buildings, and can be divided into three parts: the foundation, the gallery body and the roof. The verandas in the courtyard mainly include the copy-hand veranda that leads from the middle door to the east and west rooms, and the wok corridor that connects the rooms to the main room. The veranda is set on the platform foundation and is connected to the platform foundation of the box room or the main room. The width is about one meter, and the structure also includes columns, beams, rafters and rafters. The pillars are arranged along the corridor in order, and the cross section of the pillars is mostly square. Beams are set at the top of the columns, because the corridor is very narrow and long, the main beams are short, and both ends are set up. A short horizontal post is added to the main beam to support the double cymbals above. At the corner of the corridor, a pair of angle beams are inclined between the two vertical short beams. The mule is laid vertically on the mule. Carrying the roof above. The top of the corridor is the ridge of the roll. It is the same as the roof of a house building. Most of the roofs are tube roofs, and the cornices are also decorated with tiles and dripping water. The gallery part is mainly composed of upside down rafters and stool rafters. The upside-down rafters are installed under the eaves between the columns, and consist of a frame and purlins. The bottom of the mule must have open-cut flower teeth. Stool stool is installed near the base between the pillars. A stool board is added to the stool for people to sit and rest. ^[2]

As a road, the veranda leads visitors to where they want to go, and a cover is added to avoid the sun and rain that visitors may suffer. It is more convenient to enjoy the scenery in the rain and snow.

Like the road in the garden, the veranda is undulating with the terrain and twists and turns according to the landscape. It can make people turn up and down with the undulations of the corridor. You can feel the change of the garden during walking, and finally you can enjoy the "walking scenery" effect.

The veranda adds a cover to the garden road, and its volume and shape can separate the garden landscape, increase levels, adjust the density, and divide the space, becoming an important element of the garden landscape.

In gardens, most of the corridors are arranged along the wall or close to the surrounding wall, or individual corridor sections are twisted outwards to form narrow patios of different sizes and shapes with the wall, with wood and stone. Decorate small scenes. In some gardens, because of the need for landscaping, there are also corridors that pass through the garden. The two sides do not rely on the wall, do not rely on the building, and the corridor is transparent, making the garden landscape seem to be separated. ^[3]

As shown in the figure, the sectional form of the gallery includes flat single gallery, double-slope single gallery, arc-top single gallery, piping gallery, double gallery and so on. ^[4]

The verandas are divided into four types in the Beijing Courtyard: the Shouguang Veranda that turns to the east and west sides of the middle door; the east corner to the north and then turns to the main room is the wojiao corridor; there are eaves in the east and west rooms It is connected to the copying hall and the nest corner corridor to form a round. People can walk around the corridor without worrying about getting wet in the rain. There is also a corridor that is deep or horizontal and is used to connect more than two courtyards. ^[5]

The verandahs of the Suzhou Lingering Garden in Jiangnan are designed in a whimsical fashion, taking a stand alone in the Jiangnan Garden. The garden post is on the road of staying outside the garden, which is relatively noisy. In order to make the garden landscape scenic spot away from the city streets, the main scenic spots are arranged behind. The gardener had a sudden ingenuity and used a section of the gallery as a guide for the tour in the garden, which strengthened the beauty of the garden. Visitors enter through the gate, pass through a small hall, it is a patio, and then enter a narrow corridor. There is no window on the wall, the light is dim, and several times with the Lianglang Qu, and then a small courtyard. A wisteria, with a little rock below, is a schematic point. Then he went into another curved gallery and took a tortuous route to reach the first scene of the garden, that is, "take up water." Here, while looking through the leaky window on the wall, you can vaguely see the landscape of the mountain pond in the garden, while under the ancient tree hidden by the stalagmite and Hsinchu, then quiet, and then turn west to the green shade Xiaoxuan. fundus. The concept of leaving the garden to enter the corridor is to contrast the bright and dark with the contrast, so as to achieve a unity of contradiction on a new basis. The darkness, plug, and secrecy of the corridor contrast the lightness and openness of the landscape. The contrast effect is very strong. , Left a deep impression on tourists.