What is a service tank?

The service tank is a water storage container that keeps clean water after treatment in the water plant and before the pipeline is the end users. These containers are covered and are designed to keep water before contamination. Their main purpose is to provide a buffer within the water supply system to maintain water supply during the period of different demand. For this reason, they are sometimes built in the form of water towers. Where water service tanks can be built on a raised ground, however, they are often placed underground. The water service structure is usually based on concrete or steel. Often there is an internal lining that protects water from contamination from structures.

The

storage requirements that affect the volume necessary for water supply to the tank include operating requirements, leveling requirements and fire or emergency requirements. FireAdavas for the volume of operations are dictated by the amount of water that is needed to maintain flow and water pressure for normal domestic and industrial use in the supplied area. The leveling requirements are processed by means of a volume of water needed to replenish the tank after the daily periods of top demand. Fire volume requirements or emergency storage are based on estimates of water, which may be needed in the area under exceptional circumstances. In many areas, fire brigade and water companies cooperate to ensure that service tanks have enough emergency storage for the supplied area.

Most tanks also have a certain amount of water called "dead" volume, which is a volume of water that lies at the bottom of the container and which cannot be practically used due to low pressure or for the zones of dead flows where water has become and insufficient quality. The volumes of dead storage are usually the largest in high service tanks. Flow modeling can be used to study water flow that occurs indifferent sizes and shapes of water reservoirs, and to help the structure of structures that can minimize the occurrence of dead flow zones and improve the efficiency of water services.