What Is a Vibratory Conveyor?

A vibrating conveyor is a continuous conveying machine that uses an exciter to vibrate a chute, thereby sliding or throwing materials in the chute along a certain direction. Generally used for horizontal conveyance, productivity is less than 150t / h, conveying distance is less than 80m, and productivity increases when the inclination angle increases when it is transported at an angle. Except for some parts of the vibration excitation mechanism, there are few relative rotating parts, and the structure is simple. It can transport materials of various sizes. Screening, dewatering and cooling can be completed at the same time during transportation. But it is not suitable for conveying viscous materials. Commonly used in chemical and building materials plants. ^[1]

Equipment for continuously conveying materials by means of vibration. It mainly consists of an exciter, a bearing slot, a main vibration spring and a frame. It can be used to transport various loose materials horizontally, gently inclined or vertically (ascending along the spiral groove). During the conveying process, screening, drying, dehydration, cooling, mixing and other processes can be completed at the same time. The dusty and harmful materials can also be transported in sealed tanks. Its simple structure and low power consumption have been widely used in mines.

As shown in the figure, when the excitation force generated by the exciter 1 is applied to the working conveying trough body 2, the trough body is subjected to directional forced vibration under the constraint of the main vibration spring.

1. Conveying trough and balanced underframe Conveying trough (bearing body, trough) and balanced underframe (underframe) are the two main components in the vibration conveyor system. The trough body conveys materials. The chassis mainly balances the inertia force of the trough body and reduces the dynamic load transmitted to the foundation.

2.Vibrator The vibration exciter is the power source of the vibrating conveyor and the component that generates the periodically changing excitation force, which makes the conveying trough and the balance chassis produce continuous vibration. It can be divided into mechanical type, electromagnetic type, hydraulic type and hydraulic type. Pneumatic and other types. The magnitude of its excitation force directly affects the amplitude of the conveying trough.

3.Main vibration spring and vibration isolation spring

The main vibration spring and the isolation spring are elastic elements in the vibration conveyor system. The role of the main vibration spring: The main vibration spring supports the conveying slot, and is usually installed at an inclined angle. The inclined angle is ß (vibration angle). Its role is to make the vibration conveyor have a suitable near resonance operating point, which facilitates the conversion of the system's kinetic and potential energy Effective use of vibration energy. The role of the vibration isolation spring: support, and can reduce the dynamic load transmitted to the foundation or structural frame.

4.Guiding rod

The role of the guide rod is to make the groove body and the base frame vibrate relative to each other along a line perpendicular to the center line of the guide rod. It is connected to the groove body and the base frame through a rubber hinge.

5.Feeding device and unloading device

The feeding device and the discharging device are used to control the material flow, and are usually soft-connected to the tank. ^[2]

The vibration frequency of the vibration conveyor is determined by the speed of the excitation motor. The spiral vertical conveyor can also use the above three types of exciters, but it is required to generate the vertical excitation force and the exciting moment about the vertical axis to achieve the vertical vibration of the spiral groove body and the torsional vibration about the axis. Continuous upward conveying along the spiral groove.

The exciting force causes the tank to vibrate along a certain inclined direction, and conveys the material in the tank forward. The form of material movement in the tank depends on the vibration acceleration of the tank. The ratio (D) of this acceleration component in the direction of the vertical tank bottom to the acceleration component of gravity is called the throwing index. When D <1, the material slides in the tank, and the material is always in contact with the bottom of the tank at this time. After each vibration, the material slides forward a distance. When D> 1, the material makes a throwing motion. At this time, the material jumps forward in the tank, and realizes continuous conveyance by continuous jump. Most vibration conveyors select the throwing motion state, and the D value is selected from 1.5 to 3.3.

According to the excitation mechanism, there are two types: mechanical and electromagnetic. The mechanical type can be divided into elastic link type and inertial type. According to the number of participating vibration components, it can be divided into three types: single mass, dual mass, and multi-mass. The only mass of the single body is that the conveying groove generates vibration, so the vibration force is transmitted to the foundation, and most of them are light; in addition to the double and multi-mass bodies, in addition to the conveying groove, the counterweight frame also participates in vibration. Eliminate the vibration force on the foundation, and also use the resonance principle to minimize the required excitation force.

Elastic link type. It consists of an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod, a spring at the end of the connecting rod, and a trough. Eccentric shaft rotation

The end of the rod is reciprocated, and the hopper is excited for directional vibration. Promote the material in the tank to move forward continuously. Generally low frequency, large amplitude or medium frequency and medium amplitude are used.

electromagnetic type. It consists of iron core, coil, armature, and trough. When the rectified current passes through the coil, a periodically changing electromagnetic attraction force is generated, which causes the material tank to vibrate. Generally high frequency and small amplitude are used.

Inertia type. Composed of eccentric block, main shaft, material trough, etc.

Uses: Widely used in powder and granular materials transportation in metallurgy, coal, building materials, chemical, food and other industries.

Features: This model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, low energy consumption, no dust spillage, and low noise.