What is an Air Conditioning Compressor?

The air-conditioning compressor plays a role of compressing and driving the refrigerant in the air-conditioning refrigerant circuit. The air-conditioning compressor is generally installed in an outdoor unit. The air-conditioning compressor extracts the refrigerant from the low-pressure area, compresses it, and sends it to the high-pressure area for cooling and condensation. The heat is radiated to the air through the fins, and the refrigerant also changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and the pressure increases.

Air-conditioning compressor

The air-conditioning compressor is driven by compression in the air-conditioning refrigerant circuit.

I. Classification according to the principle of increasing gas pressure

1. Volumetric type (piston type, screw type, scroll type, rolling rotor type)

2. Speed type (centrifugal, axial flow)

Classification by type of refrigerant used

1. Organic refrigerant compressor (r22.r404a.r134a)

2. Inorganic refrigerant compressor (r717.r744)

Classification by sealing method

Open-type refrigeration compressor

2.Semi-hermetic refrigeration compressor

3. Hermetic refrigeration compressor

Classification by evaporation temperature used

Compressor-condenser-throttling device-evaporator

The principle of heating and cooling is the same, that is, the reverse Carnot cycle. The difference from the principle of cooling is the exchange of the condenser and the evaporator, that is: compressor-evaporator-throttle device-condenser.

Method for adding oil to open compressor. Generally, there are three types: suction from the through hole next to the suction shut-off valve, adding from the filler hole, and adding from the lower part of the crankcase, the specific operating steps are as follows:

1. Close the suction shut-off valve, start the compressor for a few minutes, and discharge the refrigerant from the crankcase into the condenser to make the crankcase vacuum. Stop the machine and immediately close the exhaust shut-off valve. Slowly unscrew the bypass hole plug of the exhaust shut-off valve to let the remaining gas in the high-pressure chamber out. Unscrew the bypass plug of the suction shut-off valve and install the conical joint and copper pipe.

2. Prepare the lubricant.

After the first two years of major companies have made fixed-speed models more energy efficient, starting in 2011, increasing the supply of inverter products has become a common strategy for almost all air-conditioning compressor companies. Major enterprises have increased the proportion of inverter compressors. The proportion of GMCC Meizhi inverter compressor output has increased from 30% in the previous cold year to 37%. Mitsubishi Electric's ratio is as high as 40%. Panasonic Wanbao has increased the proportion of inverter products by 10 percentage points per year, and this proportion increased to 60% in the cold year of 2012.

The relevant person in charge of Shanghai Hitachi also said that the frequency conversion technology introduced by Shanghai Hitachi in 1991 is ferrite. There are two sets of rare earth and ferrite products, which can be switched at any time according to customer needs. It is generally chosen to use rare earth technology, and ferrite technology is used on ordinary energy-efficient products.

Matsushita Wanbao said that Matsushita Wanbao's ferrite technology is mature, accounting for about 70% of the total output. When rare earth prices are high, Panasonic Wanbao mainly focuses on ferrite products. Ferrite compressors are mainly used in the energy efficiency class 1 and 2 markets. Energy efficiency class 1 is mainly based on rare earths.

Air-conditioning compressor section

Material correspondence. "If the price difference between rare earth and ferrite continues to widen, we will focus on ferrite materials and continue to develop more efficient ferrite products to meet the energy-efficient market requirements."

Ruizhi and Chunlan are also the main companies with ferrite inverter compressors. Chunlan said that as an important strategic resource, the price will remain high, and the replacement of rare earth by ferrite is an inevitable trend. After technical research and technical reform, the performance of Chunlan ferrite inverter compressors has been comparable to that of rare earth compressors. . However, a ferrite-based air-conditioning compressor company said that after testing, the ferrite inverter compressor can reach the energy efficiency level 1 on models below 1.5P, but the energy efficiency level 1 on models above 2HP Then "more laborious."

China Resources Sanyo, Mitsubishi Electric and LG still adhere to the frequency conversion technology driven by rare earth motors. The three companies agreed that when the energy efficiency standards for inverter air conditioners are revised in the future, ferrite motors will not be able to meet the demand for energy-efficient products.

In recent years, the development of the air-conditioning compressor industry is almost in trouble. Under the harsh environment, air-conditioning compressor companies continue to move towards the upgrading of product structure, strive to increase the supply of inverter products, improve the efficiency of inverter products, and make air-conditioning The inverter market can improve.