What is friction loss?
Loss of friction in the pipeline is the measurement or calculation of the loss of flow or pressure due to the interaction of the fluid with the walls of the pipeline. These losses must be determined for pipe systems, as the pumps must be specified with sufficient power to overcome losses and ensure sufficient flows. The loss of friction varies depending on the pipeline, length and flow or speed of liquid. Pipe systems
consist of straight or curved parts of pipes, connection, valves and other fittings. As the system increases length and complexity, fluids passing through it interact with pipe walls and various fittings, creating resistance. The excess of the campaign eventually causes a loss of flow in the customer or goal unless it is overcome by the added pumping force.
The materials used in the pipeline differ very much, from cast -iron to plastic and each type has special roughness on the inner walls. Pipe manufacturers release tables that show the expected friction to the length of the pipeline for different materials and diametersRY pipes, the diameter measuring the distance through the inner pipe area. In calculating friction loss, a measured or estimated harsh factor is used, with an unfinished iron tube having a higher harsh factor than a smooth plastic pipe.
The loss table of friction shows the values of the water head legs per 100 feet of pipes (the value is the same in meters), as the requirements for the pump capacity and power are usually dimensioned in the footsteps of the water. This value estimates how many vertical legs the pump can push the water with a given engine size, allowing designers to relate to the pump energy directly into the pipe system. The effect of friction loss increases with the length of the system and the number of fittings and curved cuts and can only be reduced by means of a smoother pipe, but cannot be removed.
losses also increase as speed, OR speed, enlargement of fluid in the pipeline. Increasing the system pressure is a better solution nBy increasing flows and therefore urban water systems use increased water towers. Maintaining water supply in an increased tank not only provides additional water for high demand, but also maintains constant pressure to overcome the system's losses.
friction loss is important in all commercial pipe systems, as a higher campaign is equal to higher drawing costs. There are several applications where there is critical adequate petrol capacity such as firefighting fighting. The fire pump must provide a large amount of water through the long part of the hose, often to the upper floors of the building. As the demand for water increases, the pumping truck must exert reasonable pressure on the nozzles to maintain the capacity of the fire. The hose nozzles are designed as long thin tubes, because it converts the hose pressure to a high nozzle flow without the need for high speeds.
air is also fluid and friction loss occurs in heating and air conditioning systems when air moves through pipes,that connect to different rooms. System designers use calculations of friction loss to determine the energy of the fan needed for adequate airflow in buildings. Insufficient fan and pipe size can lead to poor air flow in some areas of the house or building or insufficient heating or cooling on the higher floors of a multi -storey building.