What Is Jet Drilling?

Jet drilling is a drilling method that utilizes the hydraulic action of the high-speed jet generated when drilling fluid passes through the jet-type nozzle to clean the bottom of the well and assist teeth to break the rocks to increase the rate of mechanical drilling. ^[1]

Jet drilling is a milestone in the history of drilling. It greatly improves the drilling speed. The fundamental reason is that under the conditions of the pump and pump, the structure of the drilling tool, and the mud performance, the hydraulic parameters of the drill can be optimized to maximize the water horsepower, jet impact, and jet speed. Improve bottomhole cleaning and hydraulic rock breaking to increase drilling speed.

This technology effectively solves the problem of low production in oil and gas fields and quickly restores and increases oil and gas wells. Proposed solutions for tapping the potential of low-production oil and gas fields and increasing production of new wells. Jet drilling technology has been successfully applied many times in the world, showing a strong capacity to increase production potential.

A high-pressure jet is used to orientate a 50-mm diameter hole to a depth of 100 meters. Multiple wellbores can be drilled at different orientations on the same horizontal plane or multiple horizontal planes, and multiple branch wellbores can be established to reduce the pressure near the well, allow its liquid to flow through the airfoil, and increase the drainage area.

Jet drilling is the use of powerful drilling fluid jets ejected from the nozzle of a drill bit to fully clean the bottom of the well, to continuously break the rock for the drill bit, to avoid creating repeated conditions for cuttings, and to increase the drill bit length, increase the drilling speed and reduce costs . In order to obtain a powerful jet, it is necessary to give full play to the power and pressure of the surface mud pump. According to the well structure, drilling tool structure, drilling fluid performance and well depth, the drilling fluid displacement is preferred, and the nozzle diameter is preferred. In order to give full play to the role of jets, efforts must be made to improve the downhole flow field. Jet drilling is superior to ordinary drilling in that it can ensure that the crushed cuttings are immediately washed away from the bottom of the well, that is, the bottom of the well can be cleaned. Jet drilling is mainly based on the mechanical crushing of the rock by the drill bit, and is supplemented by the hydraulic crushing of the jet by the jet.

(1) In the 1930s, large displacement, large water eye and low pump pressure were used, and no progress was made;

(2) In the middle of the 1940s, Hanboer reduced the nozzle diameter and displacement, increased the pump pressure, and greatly increased the drilling speed;

(3) In the 1950s, Kendall and Goins established three major theories of hydraulic design for jet drilling. Make jet drilling fully enter the optimization design stage;

(4) The hydraulic design was further improved in the 1960s and 1970s, and many new hydraulic design methods appeared. Began to study the effect of downhole flow field, nozzle combination, diameter and length on bottomhole purification.