What Is Wood Preservative?

Wood preservative is a chemical agent. After it is injected into the wood in some way, it can enhance the resistance of the wood to fungal rot, insect damage, and marine borer erosion.

Wood preservative

(1) Large toxic effect: The effectiveness of wood preservatives is mainly determined by its toxicity to harmful organisms. The greater the biological toxicity to wood, the stronger the antiseptic effect. In general, other agents are added to the wood, one is to prevent corrosion, and it can enhance the stiffness, strength and durability of the wood.

(2) Good durability and stability: Wood preservatives should have relatively stable chemical properties. After being injected into wood, they are not easy to volatilize, not easy to lose, and to maintain the due toxicity.

(3) Strong penetrating power: The wood preservative must penetrate into the wood easily and have a certain depth of investment.

(4) High safety: wood preservatives must be highly toxic to various bacteria and insects that endanger wood, but at the same time it should be low-level or non-toxic to humans and livestock, and will not cause pollution or damage to the environment. With people's concern for the environment and sustainable development, efficient and environmentally friendly compound wood preservatives have received due attention, such as ISU30 and ISU40 of Shanghai Omer.

(5) Low corrosiveness: anticorrosive should be less corrosive to various metals, and it is more neutral.

(6) Less harmful damage to wood: After the wood is treated with anticorrosion, the mechanical strength, good texture and pleasant color of the wood should not affect its use.

(7) Low price and wide supply: In order to promote the development of the wood preservative industry, wood preservatives must have sufficient sources of raw materials, and the prices of raw materials are low and competitive.

Wood is a natural organic material with obvious biological characteristics and is easily invaded by organisms such as bacteria, insects, and marine borers. Before use, according to different application environments, the selection of appropriate preservatives and proper treatment can effectively delay wood decay. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for wood is also increasing. The forest resources that can be harvested and used in China are very limited, and it is unrealistic to rely on importing a large amount of foreign exchange timber. Based on domestic, make full use of existing resources and take the road of sustainable development is the only way for the development of China's timber industry. Preserving wood and extending the useful life of wood products is one of the important ways to save wood and protect forest resources. China now uses very little wood after antiseptic treatment, and most of them use traditional wood preservatives that are harmful to humans and the environment. Therefore, to understand the progress of wood preservatives, it is necessary to develop and develop new wood preservatives.

By far, the most common way to prevent wood decay is to use chemical agents. Currently the most used are water-soluble preservatives, accounting for about 3/4 of the total amount of preservatives used [1]. As arsenic and hexavalent chromium contained in CCA have high carcinogenicity to human storage and great pollution to the environment, they are gradually replaced by ACQ.

The advantages of ACQ are:

1) It has good anti-mold, anti-corrosion and anti-insect performance;

2) It has good permeability to wood and can be used to handle large-size and difficult-to-treat wood and wood products;

3) Resistant to churn and long-lasting;

4) Low toxicity does not contain arsenic, chromium, phenol and other harmful substances to humans and animals.

ACQ has been widely used in the United States, Japan and China.

Because a single preservative has a relatively narrow range of resistance to wood rot fungi and insects, two or more preservatives are generally mixed in a certain proportion today. characteristic. Today, composite preservatives have been most widely used in countries around the world and have achieved good results.

Due to the many shortcomings of traditional preservatives, people are forced to research and find new preservatives that are harmless to humans and animals, non-polluting to the environment, and only toxic to microorganisms. There are many preservatives that meet the above requirements, and more researches today include ammonia-soluble copper alkylamine (ACQ), boride, copper dimethyl dithiocarbamate (CDDC), and oil-soluble chlorothalonil (CTL). , Organic iodide (IPBC), etc.

(1) Water-borne (water-soluble) preservatives: wood preservatives that are soluble in water and use water as a carrier. Such as CCA, ACQ, CA-B, CB-A, ACZA, ACC, CC and so on.

(2) Organic solvent (oil-borne type, oil-soluble type) preservative: A wood preservative containing pesticides, fungicides or a combination of both, and dissolved in organic solvents. Such as pentachlorophenol, chlorothalonil, copper naphthenate, etc., copper 8hydroxyquinolinate.

(3) Oil preservatives: antiseptic oil, coal tar, and anthracene oil.