How Do I Choose the Best Antihistamine for Children?

Children's antipyretic and analgesic safe medication is the most commonly used antipyretic and analgesic drug in children. It has a wide range of clinical applications, but due to individual differences, the response to the drug varies, and many adverse reactions often occur. Accurately choose the antipyretic and analgesic drugs that are suitable for them according to their comprehensive conditions such as the individual's condition, physical fitness, family genetic history, and the composition of the drug, and truly "medicine the disease", while paying attention to the contraindications, adverse reactions, and mutual effects of the drug Role, etc.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

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Children's antipyretic and analgesic safe medication is the most commonly used antipyretic and analgesic drug in children. It has a wide range of clinical applications, but due to individual differences, the response to the drug varies, and many adverse reactions often occur. Therefore, the safe antipyretic and analgesic drug for children is Accurately choose the antipyretic and analgesic drugs that are suitable for them according to their comprehensive conditions such as the individual's condition, physical fitness, family genetic history, and the composition of the drug, and truly "medicine the disease", while paying attention to the contraindications, adverse reactions, and mutual effects of the drug Role, etc.

Chinese name

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

Antipyretics

Aspirin, acetaminophen, etc.

Adverse reactions

Gastrointestinal reactions, allergic reactions, etc.

Object

child

Fever is a common symptom and cause of medical attention in children. According to statistics, fever is the first of the pediatric emergency observation and hospitalization. Common cold, acute tonsillitis, pneumonia, and some acute infectious diseases are the main diseases that cause fever. As we all know, persistent high fever (axillary temperature 39 ° C) directly threatens the health of sick children. It not only increases the body's oxygen consumption and the metabolism of various nutrients, but also can trigger high fever convulsions. It can also cause digestive function and prevent infection. Reduced capacity. Therefore, appropriate application of antipyretics can quickly reduce body temperature and alleviate complications caused by high fever (such as febrile seizures).

Antipyretic and analgesics are a class of drugs with antipyretic and analgesic effects, as well as significant anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effects. They are only symptomatic treatments, and their effects can only be maintained for several hours. After the pharmacological effects in the body are eliminated, the body temperature will be reduced. Rising again. Children's fever is mostly self-limiting and generally not life-threatening. Therefore, the main basis for selecting antipyretics is its efficacy and side effects. Relevant research has proven that the efficacy of antipyretics is in descending order: ibuprofen, acetaminophen, analgin, compound aminopyrine and aspirin. The most commonly used is paracetamol-containing syrup, which has short-term side effects with regular doses and can be used as a preferred antipyretic.

Now introduce several antipyretics commonly used in clinical

The main side effects of antipyretic and analgesic drugs are gastrointestinal reactions, allergic reactions, coagulopathy, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, etc., and even convulsions and coma.

Among them, aminopyrine and phenacetin are severely toxic, which can easily cause the granulocytes in children to drop rapidly, and can even cause children to be fatal. So these two drugs have been eliminated. However, compound antipyretic and analgesics containing the above two medicinal ingredients such as Qutong Tablets and Compound Aspirin are still retained. Especially Qutong Tablets, the prescription of which is extremely unreasonable, it will cause great damage to the body after taking it in children. Clinically, there have been many reports of deaths of children taking Qutong tablets.

The FDA issued a warning in August 2007 prohibiting the use of over-the-counter medicines for colds and antitussives in infants and children under the age of two, and advised that children under six years of age should not be used, and children 6 to 11 years should be used with caution. Unless directed by a professional.

And asked the company to modify the manual. The FDA traced back records and found that during the period from 1969 to September 2006, a total of 54 children were killed by taking anti-cold drugs containing pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, phenylephrine hydrochloride or ephedrine hydrochloride; another 69 patients were killed by taking anti-group drugs. The amine drugs diphenhydramine hydrochloride, brompheniramine maleate or chlorpheniramine maleate (chlorpheniramine) have been killed by anti-cold drugs, most of which are infants under 2 years old.

Children's antipyretic and analgesic safety medication

Antipyretics should not be used to reduce body temperature when infants under the age of half have fever, but physical cooling should be used, such as loosening the coating and taking a warm bath. When children refuse to take oral medicine, antipyretic suppositories are used to plug the anus and are absorbed by the intestine. The antipyretic effect is rapid and very convenient. However, pay attention to small doses. Avoid repeated use of excessive antipyretic, which can cause a steep temperature. Drop or diarrhea.

Although most fevers do not require panic, they are taken seriously by newborns. Because if a baby under two months has a fever, it can cause serious bacterial infections. Doctors usually take it very seriously. If a baby under two months' temperature reaches 100.5 degrees (38 degrees Celsius), you will need to see a doctor.

From two months to two years:

Once the baby is two months old, fever is not an emergency. The doctor advises not to pay too much attention to the number on the thermometer, even if it is 104 degrees (40 degrees Celsius), but to observe whether the child is listless or tasteless mouth? Of course, fever can make children uncomfortable.

You can give it Johnson's antipyretic and analgesic Tylenol. For babies over 6 months, you can also use Ibuprofen, a Motrin pediatric suspension or Advil. Andrea Jill Leeds, a pediatrician in New York, USA, points out: Once the temperature drops, if the child's mental state is the same as usual and playing, then you can be sure that it is just a fever that makes her uncomfortable. If she is still listless and doesn't respond, the problem may be serious.

Watch the instructions carefully when giving your child antipyretics. Ibuprofen, also known as fenprofen, cannot be used in infants under six months of age. It can cause your child to vomit or become dehydrated. Never give your child aspirin, it can cause Reye's syndrome and cause liver problems.

To prevent your baby from getting dehydrated, you need to continue breastfeeding or milk. Don't worry if it doesn't want to eat, most children can safely spend some days without food. Give your child more water or juice. Or nutrient water. If the child really refuses to drink, try dripping some water into the mouth with a medical dropper. I believe that under your care, the child can recover quickly.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

Antipyretic and analgesics are symptomatic drugs, which can only relieve symptoms such as fever and pain, they cannot relieve the cause and inducement, and sometimes they may affect the diagnosis by covering up the condition with medication. Therefore, it should be used with caution before the diagnosis is unclear, preferably not used.

If children with high fever are often accompanied by convulsions, a small number of children may cause brain damage due to seizures for too long. In addition to anticonvulsants, clinically, a strong and rapid antipyretic drug should be given in time, such as intramuscular injection of Analgin Or come Billing Needles.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

Paediatric tyrolin drops, Baifuning oral solution, Merrill oral solution, etc. are administered orally, which reduces the child's resistance to intramuscular injection and increases the cooperation of the child in treatment. These preparations have the fruity taste that children like, beautiful packaging, and are equipped with a dropper or measuring cup. They are convenient to take, accurate in divided doses, and children are willing to accept them. They are also excellent antipyretics for families. It was also reported that Merrill had the same rate of fever reduction within 4 hours as Analgin injection. Oral medicine can achieve the antipyretic speed and effect of injectable medicines, then Merrill should be an effective antipyretic medicine. Oral medicines are more convenient to use at home than injectable medicines.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

Pediatric febrile convulsions are a common emergency in pediatrics. Because the body is sensitive to antipyretics during high fever, clinical use of Analgin injection should be used to reduce fever in patients with high fever to avoid excessive sweating and collapse. .

Antipyretic, analgesic and safe medication for children

Sudden fever reduction in children with high fever can cause a lot of sweating due to a sudden drop in body temperature, which in turn causes a sudden decrease in blood volume and collapse. Therefore, in children with high fever and excessive fever, the pros and cons should be weighed, and physical cooling and drug cooling should be combined to reduce the dosage of antipyretic analgesics and avoid excessive cooling caused by high-dose use.

Antipyretic and analgesic drugs for children

The long-term or high-dose antipyretic and analgesic effects in children are great, especially the liver and kidney function. In addition, the negative effects on the hematopoietic and digestive systems are also significant. Therefore, when taking antipyretic and analgesics for children, it is necessary to strictly follow the principles of small doses and short treatment courses, and the treatment course should not exceed one week. If it is used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, although the medication time can be appropriately extended, it should be as short as possible, and it should be controlled within 2 to 4 weeks.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

In addition to the familiar aspirin, analgin, paracetamol, aminopyrine, indomethacin, ibuprofen, naproxen and other simple preparations, there are many compound preparations commonly used for colds. Tongtong, Vitamin C Yinqiao tablets, quick-acting cold tablets, and some anti-cold granules all contain antipyretic and analgesic ingredients, such as Tylenol Drops and Phenylmetamine Oral Liquid all contain acetaminophen. Understanding the pharmaceutical ingredients of some compound preparations may cause repeated medication problems of simple preparations and complex preparations, and may increase the incidence of adverse reactions due to overuse, and even cause serious adverse reactions. Therefore, before using various anti-cold medicines, be sure to read the instructions carefully to avoid repeated medications.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children pay attention to allergic reactions

There are cross-allergic reactions between antipyretic and analgesics. For example, those who are allergic to aspirin may also be allergic to drugs such as analgin, paracetamol, and indomethacin and naproxen. Therefore, it is necessary to find out whether the child has a history of allergy to antipyretic analgesics before medication. Those who are allergic to any of the antipyretic and analgesics must be careful with other drugs, preferably not.

Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children to prevent adverse reactions

As mentioned above, long-term or large-dose antipyretic analgesics have large side effects and many adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to use as small doses as possible and short-term medications. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen observation and monitoring during medication, including monitoring of children's liver and kidney function and blood system, to minimize side effects of the drug, to minimize the incidence of adverse drug reactions, to ensure the safety of medication for children.

DNA Antipyretic and analgesic safe medication for children

When choosing medicines and dosages, it is generally not appropriate to directly administer medications taken by adults to children. If administered in the manner of adult administration, accumulation poisoning is prone to occur, so the dosage of children should be considered; the individual characteristics of children should also be considered , Such as the age, strength of the body, the severity of the disease, the quality of liver function, and what medicines have been used before and whether there is a history of allergies, such as children's individual medication, but also pay attention to children's previous medication tolerance Ability, etc. in order to achieve reasonable medication and obtain the desired therapeutic effect.

However, with the completion of the Human Genome Project and the advent of the post-genomic era, it is no longer enough to conduct so-called individualized medication for children from the perspective of age, gender, and health status. A large number of biomedical research results show that most drugs Individual differences in responses are caused by genetic factors.

The use of DNA detection technology is to interpret the DNA code related to drug response, predict the degree of adverse reactions of patients to different drugs, and provide scientific and accurate guidance for clinical medication. With reference to the results of DNA testing, doctors can propose individualized medication regimens that are suitable for each child in terms of drug selection, dose control, and combined use when prescribing.