How Do I Treat a Bladder Infection during Pregnancy?

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections during pregnancy, with an incidence rate of about 10.2%; urinary tract infections in pregnant women are twice as common as ordinary women; urinary tract infections are divided into lower urinary tract infections and upper urinary tracts according to the site of their occurrence. Road infections; they are divided into asymptomatic urinary tract infections and symptomatic urinary tract infections according to whether they are asymptomatic, and their incidence is 13.0% and 17.9%, respectively. Asymptomatic urinary tract infections are symptoms of urinary bacterial culture but no urinary tract infections. This is the most common form and often occurs in the first month of pregnancy. Symptomatic urinary tract infections include lower urinary tract infections (acute cystitis ) And upper urinary tract infection (acute pyelonephritis), severe urinary tract infection during pregnancy can cause septic shock, hypertension syndrome during pregnancy, anemia, etc., and can cause intrauterine growth retardation, premature delivery, respiratory distress syndrome, Serious consequences such as birth defects and fetal death.

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections during pregnancy, with an incidence rate of about 10.2%; urinary tract infections in pregnant women are twice as common as ordinary women; urinary tract infections are divided into lower urinary tract infections and upper urinary tracts according to the site of their occurrence. Road infections; they are divided into asymptomatic urinary tract infections and symptomatic urinary tract infections according to whether they are asymptomatic, and their incidence is 13.0% and 17.9%, respectively. Asymptomatic urinary tract infections are symptoms of urinary bacterial culture but no urinary tract infections. This is the most common form and often occurs in the first month of pregnancy. Symptomatic urinary tract infections include lower urinary tract infections (acute cystitis ) And upper urinary tract infection (acute pyelonephritis), severe urinary tract infection during pregnancy can cause septic shock, hypertension syndrome during pregnancy, anemia, etc., and can cause intrauterine growth retardation, premature delivery, respiratory distress syndrome, Serious consequences such as birth defects and fetal death.

Chinese name

Urinary tract infection in pregnancy

Foreign name

Pregnancy urinary tract infection

I. Causes and common diseases:

1. During pregnancy, due to increased secretion of progesterone and other hormones, relax urinary tract smooth muscle, weaken peristalsis, slow urine flow, and easily cause bacterial reproduction;

2. The increasing factor palace causes pressure on the bladder and ureter, and the bladder can also be displaced due to this;

3. The renal pelvis, calyx and ureter are dilated above the pelvic entrance, causing stasis of urine;

4. Compared with other populations, amino acids, glucose and water-soluble vitamins are relatively more in the urine of pregnancy, which is conducive to bacterial reproduction and growth. In addition, age 35 years, education, personal history of urinary tract infection, history of childbirth, history of miscarriage, anemia, and gestational diabetes are all risk factors for pregnancy with urinary tract infection.

Second, the differential diagnosis:

Urinary tract infections during pregnancy can have typical symptoms, such as urinary tract irritation, hematuria, low back pain, fever, etc .; atypical symptoms, such as simple fever, fatigue, etc .; also without any clinical symptoms, that is, asymptomatic urinary tract infection. Clinically, acute cystitis during pregnancy typically manifests as urinary tract irritation symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, pyuria, and hematuria, and is generally not accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and fatigue, but these symptoms are not unique to urinary tract infections during pregnancy. These symptoms can also occur in pregnant women with non-urinary tract infections. The typical symptoms and signs of acute pyelonephritis during pregnancy are similar to those of non-pregnant women. They are mainly urinary symptoms such as low back pain and urinary tract irritation, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and may also have renal area Signs such as tenderness, but lack specificity.

Third, check:

(1) Routine examination:

It is an experimental method for routine urine inspection. Inspections include urine output, color, transparency, pH, specific gravity, protein characterization, glucose characterization, and microscopic examination of precipitates. For routine urine tests, use fresh containers to keep 100 to 200 ml of fresh urine at any time. Generally, mid-morning urine is better. Urine sugar tests should be performed on fasting urine.

(B) Ultrasound of Urinary System:

B-ultrasound examination of the urinary system often includes bilateral kidneys, adrenals, ureters, bladder and prostate. Can check the kidneys, ureters, bladder and other structures and forms are normal, whether there are kidney stones, hydronephrosis, renal tuberculosis, ureteral stones, bladder stones, tumors and occupying lesions.

Fourth, treatment principles:

Whether it is a symptomatic urinary tract infection or asymptomatic bacteriuria, the key to its diagnosis is a clean mid-range urine culture. Clean antibiotics should be used for urine culture before treatment with antibiotics. Before urine culture results come out, empirical treatment should be started according to the most common clinical pathogens and their sensitivities, and then sensitive antibiotics should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity. The choice of antibiotics during pregnancy must consider both drug effectiveness and low drug resistance, but also to avoid adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses, and try to choose drugs that are non-toxic and teratogenic to the fetus.