What Are Cephalosporin Antibiotics?

Cephalosporins are widely used antibiotics. Cephalosporin-containing semi-synthetic antibiotics containing cephalosporins belong to -lactam antibiotics and are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) in -lactam antibiotics, so they are similar Sterilization mechanism.

Cephalosporins and penicillins are both -lactam antibiotics. The difference is that the mother core of cephalosporins is 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA).

Various cephalosporins are derivatives of cephalosporanic acid.

Similar to penicillin. It was thought that the only effect was to inhibit transpeptidase and interfere with the synthesis of bacterial cell wall. It has been shown that -lactam compounds can also bind to certain proteins (-lactam-binding proteins), which may be essentially enzymes on the cell membrane. This changes the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane, inhibits protein synthesis, and releases autolysin, so it has a bacteriolytic effect or grows fibrous without dividing.

According to the characteristics of antibacterial effect, commonly used cephalosporins are divided into four generations (see below).

First-generation cephalosporins

Early development, strong antibacterial activity, narrow antibacterial spectrum, anti

This class of antibiotics are broad-spectrum antibiotics, which have a broader antibacterial spectrum than penicillin G. They are resistant to Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Diplococcus pneumoniae,

Allergic reactions are the most common adverse reactions. Common rashes, urticaria, drug rashes, and eosinophilia. Occasional anaphylactic shock. Because its mother nucleus is different from penicillin, its antigenicity is also different.