What Are Common Bandaging Techniques?

Bandaging is one of the important measures for emergency treatment at the scene of trauma. Timely and correct dressing can achieve the purpose of compressing hemostasis, reducing infection, protecting wounds, reducing pain, and fixing dressings and splints; on the contrary, incorrect dressing can lead to increased bleeding, worsen infection, cause new injuries, and legacy sequelae. .

[bo z]

Bandaging is one of the important measures for emergency treatment at the scene of trauma. Timely and correct dressing can achieve the purpose of compressing hemostasis, reducing infection, protecting wounds, reducing pain, and fixing dressings and splints; on the contrary, incorrect dressing can lead to increased bleeding, worsen infection, cause new injuries, and legacy sequelae. .

Chinese name

Bandage

Foreign name

Bind up

Pinyin

boz

Function

Compress hemostasis and reduce infection

Utensils

equipment

How to clean a wound

Before cleaning the wound, place the patient in an appropriate position for the rescuer to operate.

If the surrounding skin is too dirty and mixed with mud, etc., it should be washed with water before using

Bandage ring method

This is the most basic and most commonly used method of bandaging. Generally, the bandaging after a small wound is cleaned

Triangle bandage

For larger wounds, fixed splints, arm suspension, etc., triangle bandaging is required.

Essentials of operation

Ordinary head bandaging: first fold the bottom of the triangle scarf, put the bottom of the triangle scarf on the forehead and pull it behind the head. After intersecting, tie half of the knot first, then wrap around the forehead.

Hood-type head banding: tie the top corner of the triangle scarf and the center of the bottom edge into a hood shape. The top corner is placed on the forehead, and the bottom knot is placed under the back of the head, covering the head.

Ordinary facial bandaging: Tie the top corner of the triangle towel and cut holes (eyes, noses) at appropriate positions. The knot is placed on the top of the head, the triangle towel covers the face, and the cutouts just expose the eyes and nose. Pull the left and right corners of the triangle scarf behind the neck and tie in front.

Ordinary chest bandage: Put the top corner of the triangle scarf upward and apply it to the part. If the left chest is injured, the top corner is placed on the right shoulder, the bottom edge is pulled behind the back and knotted; then the left corner is pulled to the shoulder and top corner. tie. The back bandage is the same as the chest bandage.

Precautions

The average family does not have a triangle towel, but it is widely used in first aid and should be equipped. It's easy to make. Cut it diagonally with a one-meter square cloth.

Triangular towels can be used for bandaging of hands and feet in addition to the above-mentioned usage. They can also be used for bandage and fixation of foot contusions, bandaging and hemostasis for bandaged wounds.

Triangular towel is another important use for suspending the arm; it can fix the arm with the splint; it can also think of the splint fixing effect on the injured limb without the splint.

Bandage method

Precautions for bandaging methods Before treating a reel bandage, treat the affected area and place a dressing. During bandaging, unfold the outer head of the bandage, facing away from the affected area, and twist it while unrolling. No matter what kind of dressing, it should be ring-shaped, ring-shaped, tight, proper, flat and no folds. Finally, cut the bandage end in half and tie it with a square knot. The knot should be on the opposite side of the affected area and should not be pressed on the affected area. Some bandages do not need to be tied and fixed, and can be fixed by themselves after bandaging. Splint bandages and plaster bandages are brake bandages. They are mainly used for first aid and treatment of limb fractures, severe joint sprains, and tendon ruptures. Bamboo boards, wooden boards, branches, thick cardboard, etc. can be used as plywood materials, and the plywood can be prepared according to the length, thickness and shape of the affected part. The two ends of the splint should be bent slightly outwards to avoid local compression. Dispose before bandaging. After the fractured end of the bone is restored and wound treatment, roll bands are used for spiral banding 3-4 layers. The depressions are flattened, plus blanket pads, plywood, and tied with a wire or string. The padding should be properly filled, too much fixation is not sure, too little will cause compression. When bandaging a plaster bandage, it should be done quickly and surely. It is best to lie the animal in a lying position and general anesthesia. After the local treatment, firstly wrap the affected limb loosely with a reel band to avoid damaging the skin during removal. Soak the bandage roll with 40-50 ° C warm water. Take out and squeeze out excess water when no bubbles escape. Apply a roll soaked in a roll, so as not to soak the gypsum for too long. When bandaging, be sure to flatten the bandage and gently wrap it around your limbs. Do not wrinkle or overtighten. Use your palm to lift the affected limb, not your fingers. The bandage should be attached to the body surface and should not be passed overhead, leaving no gap between the bandages. The ends should bend slightly outward. After bandaging, remove the gypsum mud from the basin, add it to the surface and wipe it off, and mark the date, fracture line and wound location when it is slightly dry. When fully awake, help to stand up, avoid falling, and loosen or deform the plaster. Regardless of whether it is a splint bandage or a plaster bandage, it must be properly tightened when bandaging. If it is too loose, it will slip and lose its effect. If it is too tight, it will cause compression. The length of the splint or plaster bandage at the time of the fracture should be at least longer than the upper and lower joints of the fracture, otherwise it will not achieve the purpose of fixation and will be harmful.

Plaster bandage

Before the plaster is dried, do not press, move the joints, or carry it with your hands to prevent the plaster from deforming or breaking.

Pay attention to the blood circulation of the limbs after being wrapped with plaster (observe the skin at the end of the limbs for purple, pale, numbness, or severe pain, if necessary, come to the hospital for review).

If it is found that the plaster is broken, it should be replaced immediately in the hospital to avoid affecting the treatment.

Pay attention to the hygiene of plaster to prevent the entry of bed bugs and fleas. If itching the fixed limbs, you can only use slap method. It is forbidden to use hard tools and insert the spatula with your hand to avoid accidents such as pressing the skin.

The iliac limb should exercise muscles during fixation, enhance blood circulation, and be conducive to wound healing.

Do not remove the plaster without the consent of the doctor.

Rehabilitation training should be carried out as soon as possible after removing the plaster to promote the maximum recovery of joint function, muscle strength, nerves, and local swelling and pain.

Burns

Bandaging therapy

Bandaging therapy is not suitable in the following cases:

Large-scale deep burn wounds.

, head and face, beard and perineum.

(3) Including it is not good for preventing and controlling infections. It should not be used in hot seasons.

During the dressing process, the blood flow in the distal part of the limb must always be paid attention to, and the outer layer should be replaced in time once it has been infiltrated with exudate.

Strict aseptic operation is required, and the dressing must be perfect.

Change the dressing time. The first time should be based on the depth of the burn wound, the infection or the degree of infection. Generally, for mild burn wounds, if there is no sign of infection, change the medicine one week after the injury, at this time the wound has basically healed; it is difficult to achieve the purpose of primary healing by using bandaging therapy for deep second-degree wounds. It is also necessary to usually change the medicine and gradually remove the necrotic tissue so that the epithelial cells can regenerate and expand to repair the wound. Deep degree wound surface necrotic tissue begins to dissolve 5-7 days after injury, infection is prone to occur, and dressing should be changed and the necrotic tissue should be removed in stages. The degree wound depends on the time of surgery.

Change the dressing indication. It is mainly to check whether the wound is infected, the body temperature rises or falls below normal, the white blood cells increase or decrease suddenly, the wound is wet, the pain is aggravated, the secretion of stench, and the serum-fibrillars continue to drop 5-7 days after the injury, should be immediately Remove the dressing, check the wound, diagnose the infection, judge the depth of the wound again, and take corresponding treatment measures. Where the inner gauze is in close contact with the wound, the dry one does not need to be removed, especially for shallow second-degree wounds, the outer dressing can be replaced, or the semi-exposed therapy can be changed. The wet part shows the wound with mild infection. It is advisable to open the window to cut off and continue to use topical antibacterial drugs for treatment. If the inner layer is coated with biological or artificial film, regardless of the depth of the planed surface, you can switch to semi-exposed therapy to facilitate observation of the wound and control infection.