What Are Herbal Lozenges?

Commonly used dosage forms refer to the forms, doses, and functions of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine when they are taken orally, externally, or injected. Commonly used dosage forms contain the amount of drugs in the normal weight range of adults in the human body to achieve the concentration required for treatment. The dosage form of the drug is different, and the scope, efficacy and people using it also differ.

Commonly used dosage forms

Right!

Commonly used dosage forms refer to the forms, doses, and functions of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine when they are taken orally, externally, or injected. Commonly used dosage forms contain the amount of drugs in the normal weight range of adults in the human body to achieve the concentration required for treatment. The dosage form of the drug is different, and the scope, efficacy and people using it also differ.

Chinese name

Commonly used dosage forms

Definition

Medicinal powder or medicinal extract plus suitable binders or excipients

Location

One of the oldest dosage forms of proprietary Chinese medicines

Points for

Powder is a powdery preparation made by mixing one or more medicinal materials. It is divided into internal powder and external powder. It is one of the ancient dosage forms in China. The powder has a wide range of treatments, disperses quickly after taking it, works quickly, and has the advantages of convenient production, convenient carrying, and saving medicinal materials. The active ingredient is insoluble or hardly soluble in water, or is not resistant to high temperatures, or is highly toxic and difficult to grasp the amount of use, or precious fine medicines are suitable for making powders.

Decoction is a semi-solid preparation made by boiling the medicinal materials with water, removing residue and concentrating, and then adding honey or sugar. It has the characteristics of fast absorption, high concentration, small volume, easy storage, and can be taken for a longer time. It has the function of nourishing and conditioning, and is used for treating chronic diseases and chronic illnesses.

The elixir is an inorganic compound made of mineral medicines such as mercury, saltpeter, realgar and so on through refining, sublimation, fusion and other technical treatments, such as Hongshengdan and Baijiangdan, which are traditional dosage forms. Most of the mercury components are commonly used in the preparation of pill powder for external use, which has the effects of swelling and muscle regeneration, anti-inflammatory and detoxification. Some pills, powders, and lozenges are mostly made of cinnabar. They are called danshen because of their redness, and do not belong to the category of classic danshen.

Tablets are tablet preparations obtained by pressing the fine powder or extract of medicinal materials and suitable auxiliary materials or fine powder of medicinal materials. They are divided into extract tablets, semi-extract tablets and whole powder tablets. The tablet is small in volume, accurate in dosage, easy to disintegrate and take effect quickly, and has the advantages of high production efficiency, low cost, convenient taking, storage and transportation. The tablets are suitable for various diseases.

Granules are granular preparations made from extracts of medicinal materials and suitable auxiliary materials or fine powders of medicinal materials. They are new dosage forms developed on the basis of decoctions, powders and syrups. There are two types of granules and lumps, which are divided into soluble, suspension, effervescent, sugar-containing and sugar-free types. Granules are small in size, light in weight, easy to take, good in taste, and quick in action, and are mostly used for medicines for tonic, cough, and heat removal.

Lozenges are solid preparations of medicinal materials with a suitable amount of binders such as honey, glutinous rice flour or the viscosity of the medicinal materials themselves. It can be used internally or externally. The internal effect is close to that of a pill. Externally use water or vinegar to coat the affected area. Most of the lozenge forms are used for gelatinization.

The glue is a solid internal preparation prepared by frying the gelatin of an animal's skin, bones, nails, horns, etc. with water and concentrating and solidifying the glue. The gum is rich in nutritional ingredients such as protein and amino acids. As a tonic medicine, it is suitable for the elderly, those who have not been cured for a long time, or those who are weak. It can be taken alone or in powder or added to soups. So far, the glue has enjoyed a high reputation at home and abroad and is widely used.

Hard capsules are dosage forms made by adding a proper amount of medicinal material extracts, medicinal material extracts, medicinal powder or auxiliary materials into uniform powders or granules and filling them in hard capsules. Mainly oral. Hard capsules are neat and beautiful in appearance, easy to swallow, can mask the bad smell of the drug, disintegrate quickly, and absorb well. It is suitable for drugs that are sensitive to light, unstable or wet and heat unstable, or drugs with specific odors, or drugs that require regular localized release. Drugs for children and drugs with strong irritation to the gastric mucosa should not be made into capsules.

Soft capsules are dosage forms made of oil or liquid medicines or suspensions that have no dissolving effect on capsule materials such as gelatin. Features are similar to hard capsules. Hard capsules and soft capsules are processed by suitable methods or processed with other medicinal polymer materials to make the capsule shell insoluble in gastric juice, but disintegrate the active ingredients in the intestinal juice to form enteric capsules.

Syrups are concentrated sucrose aqueous solutions containing drugs, medicinal extracts and aromatic substances. It is a type of proprietary Chinese medicine developed on the basis of traditional decoctions and decoctions and absorbing the advantages of western medicine syrup. Because it contains sugar, it can cover the unpleasant odor of some drugs and is easy to take. It is suitable for pediatrics and frail patients. It is more common in pediatric drugs, but it should not be used for patients with diabetes.

The mixture is a liquid preparation for internal use of medicinal materials, which is extracted with water or other solvents by a suitable method and concentrated. A single-dose package is also called an oral solution. The mixture can not only maintain the characteristics of the decoction, but also avoid the trouble of temporary decoction of the decoction, which is convenient to carry, store and take. Oral liquid has a higher concentration, and flavoring agents are often added, so the dosage is small, the taste is good, the effect is fast, the quality is stable, the portability is convenient, and the storage is easy.

Liquor is a clear liquid preparation made by extracting yellow rice wine or white wine as a solvent. Also known as medicinal wine. Alcohol consumption is small, absorption is rapid, and the effect is fast. It is mostly used to treat wind cold and dampness, tonic and tonic, and to damage injuries.

Tinctures are clear liquid preparations made by leaching or dissolving drugs with a specified concentration of ethanol, or they can be made by diluting with a flow extract. There are two types of oral and external use. Tincture preparation does not require heating, the ingredients are relatively pure, the active ingredient content is high, the dosage is accurate, and the absorption is rapid, which is suitable for preparing preparations containing volatile or heat-resistant components.

Dew is a saturated or near-saturated clear aqueous solution prepared by steam distillation of Chinese medicinal materials containing aromatic volatile components, and is one of the traditional dosage forms in China. Also called medicine dew. Clinically, it is mostly used internally. The lotion can preserve the inherent fragrance of the medicinal materials, which is easy to take and absorb. It has the functions of relieving the heat and detoxifying the skin.

Injectables are extracted from the active ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials. They are prepared by sterilization solutions or emulsions that can be injected into the human body through refined processing, or sterilized powders or concentrated liquid preparations that can be prepared before use. New dosage form. Also called injection. The injection can be used subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously or intravenously. The dosage is accurate, the effect is rapid, it is not affected by digestive juice and food, and it has high bioavailability, which is convenient for emergency use. Not suitable for use in the home.

Aerosols are medicines and propellants packed together in a pressure-resistant container with a valve. When used, the contents are sprayed out quantitatively or non-quantitatively with the help of the pressure of the propellant. The formulation containing no propellant and spraying the contents in the form of a mist or the like by the pressure of a hand pump is a spray. Also called aerosol. The aerosol administration dose is small, the onset is rapid, the stability is strong, and the side effects are small.

The plaster is an external preparation prepared by extracting medicinal materials from edible vegetable oil and refining with red dan, according to the prescription, which is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation. Also known as black plaster. The plaster has the characteristics of large amount of drug intake and long-lasting release of efficacy, and is mostly used for diseases such as bruises, rheumatism and pain, sores and sores.

Film preparation is a thin film preparation made by processing drugs and film-forming materials, and is a modern new dosage form of Chinese patent medicine. The film can be administered orally, sublingually, ocular conjunctival sac, intravaginal and internal implants, skin and mucosal trauma, burns or inflammatory surface coverage, and other routes of administration.

Suppositories are solid preparations for medicinal administration made from medicinal material extracts or powders and suitable matrices, and are ancient formulations of proprietary Chinese medicines. Also called sitting medicine or plugging medicine. Suppositories absorb faster than oral administration. After absorption, they enter the large circulation without passing through the liver and have high bioavailability.

The drug is prepared in a suitable matrix using the drip pill method. The drip pill is easy to take, it dissolves quickly in the body and works quickly. Volatile or difficult-to-form drugs, fast-acting drugs can be made into drip pills.

There are more than 40 types of Zhongcheng pharmaceuticals in official production and use in China. In addition to the above, other formulations include ointments, rubber plasters, oils, eye drops, tinctures, extracts, flow extracts, and blister packs. Agent.