What Are Potential Risks of Aspirin?

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets, the indication is that aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation, so the aspirin enteric-coated tablets are as follows: reduce the risk of suspicion of patients with acute myocardial infarction, prevent secondary myocardial infarction, recurrent stroke, reduce secondary ischemic attacks (TIA) and its risk of secondary stroke reduce the risk of developing stable and unstable angina pectoris after arterial surgery or interventions such as percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA), coronary artery bypass surgery ( CABG), carotid endarterectomy, arteriovenous shunt to prevent deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after major surgery to reduce cardiovascular risk factors (family history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking history, age (Greater than 50 years) risk of myocardial infarction.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets, the indication is that aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation, so the aspirin enteric-coated tablets are as follows: reduce the risk of suspicion of patients with acute myocardial infarction, prevent secondary myocardial infarction, recurrent stroke, reduce secondary ischemic attacks (TIA) and its risk of secondary stroke reduce the risk of developing stable and unstable angina pectoris after arterial surgery or interventions such as percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA), coronary artery bypass surgery ( CABG), carotid endarterectomy, arteriovenous shunt to prevent deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after major surgery to reduce cardiovascular risk factors (family history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking history, age (Greater than 50 years) risk of myocardial infarction.

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Drug Name

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Drug type

OTC class B; essential medicines

Use classification

Carboxylic acids

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets ingredients

Main ingredients: Aspirin Chemical name: 2- (acetoxy) benzoic acid.
Chemical Structure:

Molecular formula: C ₉ H ₈ O ₄
Molecular weight: 180.2

Aspirin Enteric-coated Tablets Traits

This product is a white enteric-coated tablet that appears white after removal of the coating.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets indications

Inhibition of aspirin on platelet aggregation, aspirin enteric-coated tablets are as follows:
Reducing the risk of suspected patients with acute myocardial infarctionPreventing secondary prevention of recurrent stroke in myocardial infarctionReducing the risk of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and its secondary strokeReducing the risk of developing stable and unstable angina pectoris After surgery or interventional procedures such as percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA), coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), carotid endarterectomy, arteriovenous shunt to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism reduction after major surgery Cardiovascular risk factors (family history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking history, and those older than 50 years) are at risk for myocardial infarction.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets specifications

100mg.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Usage: Oral. Enteric-coated tablets should be taken with a moderate amount of water before meals.
Reduce the risk of suspected patients with acute myocardial infarction: the first dose of 300mg is recommended, and chewed for quick absorption. 100-200mg daily thereafter.
Prevent recurrence of myocardial infarction: 100-300mg per day.
Secondary prevention of stroke: 100-300mg per day.
Reduce the risk of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and its secondary stroke: 100-300 mg per day.
Reduce the risk of onset in patients with stable and unstable angina: 100-300mg per day.
After arterial surgery or interventional surgery, such as percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA), coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), carotid endarterectomy, arteriovenous shunt: 100-300mg per day.
Prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after major surgery: 100-200 mg per day.
Reducing the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with cardiovascular risk factors (family history of coronary heart disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking history, and those older than 50 years old): 100 mg per day.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets adverse reactions

The listed adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are based on spontaneous post-marketing reports of all aspirin preparations, including short-term and long-term oral treatments, and therefore do not need to be organized in the CIOMSIII frequency category.
Upper and lower gastrointestinal disorders, such as indigestion, gastrointestinal tract and abdominal pain. Rare gastrointestinal inflammation, gastroduodenal ulcer. Very rare gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation may occur with laboratory abnormalities and clinical symptoms.
Due to aspirin's platelet-inhibiting effect, aspirin may increase the risk of bleeding. Observed bleeding includes bleeding during surgery, hematoma, epistaxis, genitourinary bleeding, bleeding gums. There are also reports of rare to very rare bleeding, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage (hypertensive patients with poorly controlled blood pressure and / or in combination with anticoagulants), which can be life threatening. Acute or chronic bleeding may lead to anemia / iron deficiency anemia (such as hidden microbleeds) with laboratory abnormalities and clinical symptoms such as weakness, paleness, and hypotension.
Hemolysis and hemolytic anemia occur in patients with severe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
Renal injury and acute renal failure.
Allergic reactions are accompanied by corresponding laboratory abnormalities and clinical symptoms, including asthma symptoms, and mild to moderate skin reactions.
Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems, including rash, urticaria, edema, pruritus, cardiovascular-respiratory disorders, and extremely rare severe reactions including anaphylactic shock.
Very rare transient liver damage with elevated liver transaminase.
Dizziness and tinnitus have been reported during drug overdose.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets contraindications

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets are disabled in the following cases:
Are allergic to aspirin or other salicylate, or any other component of the drug;
History of asthma caused by salicylate or salicylic acid substances, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
Active peptic ulcer;
· Bleeding constitution;
· Severe renal failure;
· Severe liver failure;
Severe heart failure;
Combined with methotrexate (dose 15mg / week or more) (see Drug Interactions);
The last trimester of pregnancy.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Use aspirin with caution when:
Allergic to painkillers, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-rheumatic drugs, or other allergic reactions.
History of gastroduodenal ulcers, including chronic ulcers, recurrent ulcers, and history of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Use in combination with anticoagulants (see Drug Interactions).
· For patients with impaired renal function or cardiovascular circulation (eg, renal vascular disease, congestive heart failure, hypovolemia, major surgery, sepsis or severe bleeding events), acetylsalicylic acid may further increase renal damage And the risk of acute kidney failure.
· For patients with severe glucose-6-acid dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, acetylsalicylic acid may induce hemolytic anemia in hemolytic adults. Factors that increase the risk of hemolysis such as high doses, fever and acute infections.
Liver damage;
· Ibuprofen may interfere with the effects of aspirin enteric-coated tablets. If you take aspirin and ibuprofen together, you should consult your doctor.
Aspirin may cause bronchospasm and cause wheezing or other allergic reactions. Risk factors include bronchial asthma, hay fever, nasal polyps, or chronic respiratory infections. This also applies to patients who have allergic reactions to other substances (eg skin reactions, itching, rubella).
· As aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation for several days, it may lead to increased bleeding during or after surgery.
· Low-dose aspirin reduces the elimination of uric acid. Can induce gout.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets for pregnant and lactating women

In several retrospective epidemiological studies in pregnant women, the use of salicylate in the first three months of pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of deformities (jaw fracture, heart malformation). However, the available data are not enough to evaluate the possibility of aspirin causing malformation when used for long-term treatment (dose greater than 150 mg / day). The risk is reduced at conventional therapeutic doses. A prospective study involving 32,000 mother and child did not show an increased risk of deformity.
Pregnant women should carefully weigh the pros and cons before taking salicylic acid; as a precautionary measure, the dose for long-term treatment should not exceed 150 mg / day. In the last 3 months of pregnancy, taking a high dose of aspirin (greater than 300 mg / day) may lead to prolonged pregnancy, suppressed contraction of the mother's uterus, and cardiopulmonary toxicity of the fetus (such as early closure of the arterial catheter).
In addition, there is an increased risk of bleeding in the mother and fetus.
Taking high-dose aspirin shortly before delivery can cause intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus, especially in preterm infants. Therefore, all aspirin-containing medications are contraindicated in women in the last 3 months of pregnancy, unless they are extremely limited in cardiovascular and obstetric use with the advice of close clinical experts and close monitoring.
Salicylates and degradation products can enter breast milk in small amounts during lactation.
At present, no adverse reactions to infants are found when accidentally taken, and it is generally not necessary to stop breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding should be stopped as soon as possible when taken regularly or at high doses.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets for children

Drugs containing aspirin should not be used in children and adolescents with or without viral infections without consulting a doctor. Certain viral diseases, especially influenza A, B and chicken pox, may cause rare life-threatening Reye syndrome and require immediate medical treatment. The risk of Reye syndrome may increase with aspirin co-administration, but the correlation has not been proven. Continuous vomiting may be a sign of Reye syndrome.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets for the elderly

Please refer to [Precautions] for elderly medication, consult a doctor before use.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets drug interactions

Disable:
Methotrexate (15mg / week or more):
Increases hematological toxicity of methotrexate (salicylic acid and methotrexate compete with plasma proteins to reduce renal clearance of methotrexate) (see contraindications).
Use caution when combining:
Methotrexate (less than 15mg / week):
Increases methotrexate's blood toxicity (salicylic acid and methotrexate compete with plasma proteins to reduce renal clearance of methotrexate). (See contraindications)
Use caution when combining:
Increases hematological toxicity of methotrexate (salicylic acid and methotrexate compete with plasma proteins to reduce renal clearance of methotrexate).
Ibuprofen combined with ibuprofen can interfere with the irreversible inhibition of platelets by aspirin. The use of ibuprofen in patients with cardiovascular risk can limit the cardiovascular protection of aspirin (see Precautions).
Anticoagulants, such as coumarin derivatives, heparin:
Increased risk of bleeding.
High doses of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs containing salicylate:
Increased risk of ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding due to synergy.
Anti-gout drugs that promote uric acid excretion, such as probenecid, sulfazolone:
Reduces uric acid excretion (competitive elimination of renal uric acid).
Digoxin:
Increased plasma concentration of digoxin due to reduced renal clearance.
Antidiabetic drugs, such as insulin, sulfonylureas:
High-dose aspirin has hypoglycemic effect and enhances hypoglycemic effect, and can compete with sulfonylureas to bind plasma proteins.
Diuretics combined with high-dose aspirin:
Reduce glomerular prostaglandin synthesis and reduce glomerular filtration.
Glucocorticoids, in addition to hydrocortisone for alternative treatment of Addison disease:
Corticosteroid treatment reduces the concentration of salicylic acid in the blood, and because corticosteroids increase the elimination of salicylic acid, the risk of excess salicylic acid increases after stopping corticosteroid treatment.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) combined with high-dose aspirin:
Reduces glomerular filtration by inhibiting prostaglandins. In addition, the antihypertensive effect is reduced.
Valproic acid:
Competitively binds to plasma proteins to increase the toxicity of valproic acid.
Ethanol:
Due to the cumulative effect of aspirin and ethanol, it increases damage to the gastroduodenal mucosa and prolongs bleeding time.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets overdose

Salicylate toxicity (dose greater than 100 mg / kg / day, can cause toxicity for more than 2 days) may cause chronic poisoning requiring treatment, as well as potentially life-threatening acute poisoning (overdose), and accidental intake by children can cause poisoning.
Chronic salicylate poisoning can be manifested as recessive, no specific symptoms. Mild chronic salicylate poisoning, or a salicylic acid reaction, usually occurs after repeated doses in large doses. Symptoms include dizziness, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, sweating, nausea and vomiting, headache, and confusion, which can be controlled by reducing the dose. Tinnitus can occur in plasma concentrations of 150-300 mg / mL. When the plasma concentration is above 300 mg / mL, more serious adverse reactions can occur.
The main feature of acute poisoning is severe acid-base balance disorder, which may vary with age and degree of poisoning. Children often show metabolic acidosis. The severity of poisoning cannot be assessed based on plasma concentrations alone. Slowed gastric emptying, formation of coagulum in the stomach, or intestinal solvent type, absorption of aspirin may be delayed. The treatment of aspirin poisoning depends on the degree, stage and clinical symptoms of the poisoning and the corresponding treatment specifications. The main measures should be to speed up the drug clearance and adjust the electrolyte and acid-base balance.
Due to the pathophysiological complexity of salicylate poisoning, possible symptoms and signs include:

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets pharmacology and toxicology

Aspirin inhibits the generation of platelet thromboxane A2 and thus inhibits platelet aggregation. The mechanism is that irreversible inhibition of the synthesis of cyclooxygenase; these enzymes are not resynthesizable in platelets, so this inhibition is particularly significant. Aspirin has other inhibitory effects on platelets. Therefore it can be widely used in cardiovascular diseases.
Aspirin is an acidic non-steroidal drug with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Oral 0.3-1g aspirin is usually used to relieve pain and low fever, such as colds and flu, which can lower body temperature and relieve joint muscle pain.
Aspirin can also be used for chronic and acute inflammations such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Generally, high doses of 4-8g per day can be used to treat the above diseases.
Preclinical safety data Animal tests have shown that high doses of salicylic acid cause kidney damage but no other organ damage. In vivo and in vitro tests have shown that aspirin is not teratogenic and carcinogenic. Salicylate may be teratogenic in different animal species. It has also been reported that taking during pregnancy can affect the implantation of pregnant eggs, cause embryo toxicity and fetal toxicity, and the offspring's learning ability is impaired.

Pharmacokinetics of Aspirin Enteric-coated Tablets

Aspirin is completely absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Aspirin rapidly degrades into salicylic acid, the main metabolite after absorption. The peak time of aspirin and salicylic acid concentrations were 10-20 minutes and 0.3-2 hours, respectively. Since aspirin enteric-coated tablets are acid-resistant, they do not dissolve in acidic gastric juice but dissolve in alkaline intestinal juice. Compared with ordinary tablets, aspirin enteric-coated tablets have a delayed absorption of 3-6 hours.
Both aspirin and salicylic acid are tightly bound to plasma proteins and are rapidly distributed throughout the body. Salicylic acid can enter milk and pass through the placenta.
Salicylic acid is mainly metabolized by the liver, and the metabolites are salicyluric acid, salicyl glucoside, salicyl glucoside, gentisic acid, gentisuric acid.
Due to the limited metabolic capacity of liver enzymes, salicylic acid clearance is dose-dependent. Therefore, the elimination half-life can range from 2-3 hours at low doses to 15 hours at high doses. Salicylic acid and its metabolites are mainly excreted from the kidneys.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets storage

Sealed and stored below 25 ° C. Take immediately after removal. Keep out of reach of children.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Packed in aluminum plastic, 30 pieces / box.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Do not use after 60 months.

Aspirin enteric-coated tablets

Import drug registration standard JX20060028 ^[1]