What Are the Different Antacid Side Effects?
Antacids are a class of weakly alkaline substances that neutralize gastric acid and reduce the acidity of gastric contents after oral administration, thereby eliminating gastric acid's erosion of the stomach and duodenal mucosa and stimulation of the ulcer surface, and reducing pepsin activity Play a role in relieving pain and promoting healing.
- Chinese name
- Antacid
- Antacids are a class of weakly alkaline substances that neutralize gastric acid and reduce the acidity of gastric contents after oral administration, thereby eliminating gastric acid's erosion of the stomach and duodenal mucosa and stimulation of the ulcer surface, and reducing pepsin activity Play a role in relieving pain and promoting healing.
Introduction to antacids
- Antacids, also known as gastric acid neutralizers, are a class of weakly basic compounds. After oral administration, it can neutralize excessive gastric acid, reduce gastric acidity and pepsin activity, relieve erosion and stimulation of gastric mucosa and ulcer surface, thereby alleviating pain and promoting ulcer healing. At the same time, due to lower gastric acidity, it can also promote platelet aggregation and accelerate coagulation, which is conducive to hemostasis and prevention of rebleeding. In addition, some antacids can form a gelatinous substance while neutralizing gastric acid, covering the surface of the ulcer, and protecting and astringent.
Antacids
- Divided according to its effect: Absorptive antacids. Such as sodium bicarbonate. Non-absorbable antacids. Such as calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide (tablet or gel), magnesium trisilicate and so on.
Clinical application of antacids
- The ideal antacid should have the following characteristics: The effect of neutralizing gastric acid is strong and long-lasting, so that the pH of gastric contents is maintained above 3.5, at this time, the digestion of pepsin is mostly stopped; the interaction with gastric acid does not produce carbon dioxide; does not cause constipation and diarrhea; has no systemic effect. Although there are many types of antacids, none of them is ideal if measured by the above standards. This requires us to consider the side effects of antacids in addition to their price and palatability. For example, calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide can cause constipation, especially in the elderly. It is often necessary to add magnesium-containing compounds to overcome its constipation-causing effects.
- Long-term use of antacids containing magnesium trisilicate can cause urinary stones with silica. Various aluminum-containing compounds can adsorb organic and inorganic substances, such as tetracycline antibiotics. Application of aluminum hydroxide can significantly reduce the level of tetracycline antibiotics in the blood. It can also adsorb certain anticholinergics, including atropine. The combination of aluminum hydroxide and inorganic phosphate in the intestinal lumen results in increased excretion of phosphate in the stool and decreased serum phosphate concentration. This property of aluminum hydroxide can be used to treat uremia. Magnesium antacids should be disabled in patients with uremia to prevent hypermagnesemia. Because aluminum hydroxide is combined with phosphate in the intestine, long-term use can lead to abnormal bone metabolism and bone softening. Aluminum hydroxide gel still contains a certain amount of sodium, which should be carefully considered when using antacids in patients with edema.
- Although calcium carbonate is the cheapest and most potent antacid, its occasional hypercalcemia limits its application. Studies using radiotracers have shown that the absorption of calcium in calcium carbonate is the same as that of the soluble salt, calcium gluconate, which is 9 to 37%. Therefore, it should be avoided in patients with kidney disease.
Antacid
- Generally speaking, liquid or powder antacids are more effective than tablets, which may be the result of faster dispersion. In-tube experiments have shown that tablets of the same antacid have a lower neutralizing effect than liquid formulations. If a tablet is used, it should be chewed before swallowing.
Frequency of antacid administration
- The main limiting factor of antacid therapy is the rate of gastric emptying, so the frequency of antacid administration has become the most important for reasonable treatment.
- Antacid
Duration of Antacid Treatment
- The purpose of antacid therapy is to make the ulcer heal completely, and the healing time usually takes 8 weeks. Symptoms often disappear long before the ulcer is fully healed. Therefore, the disappearance of symptoms should never be used as a criterion to stop antacid therapy. Otherwise, the symptoms will quickly reappear, which is actually the deterioration of the original ulcer rather than the recurrence of the disease. The duration of antacid treatment should not be less than 3 months.
Antacid- related drugs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|