What Are the Different Types of Prednisolone Tablets?

Prednisone tablets, indications are mainly used for allergic and autoimmune inflammatory diseases, collagen diseases such as rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, severe bronchial asthma, nephrotic syndrome, thrombocytopenia Purpura, granulocytopenia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, various adrenal insufficiency, exfoliative dermatitis, pemphigus, neurodermatitis, eczema, etc.

Drug Name: Prednisone tablets
Drug type: Prescription drugs, medicines for medical workers' injuries

Special medicine: Doping
Use classification: Hormonal antitumor drugs

Prednisone tablets ingredients

The main ingredients of this product are: Prednisolone.

Chemical name: 2,4-hydroxybenzoic acid

Molecular formula: C ₂₁ H ₂₈ O ₅

Molecular weight: 360.44

Prednisone Tablet Characters

This product is a white tablet.

Prednisone tablets indications

Mainly used for allergic and autoimmune inflammatory diseases, collagen diseases such as rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, severe bronchial asthma, nephrotic syndrome, thrombocytopenic purpura, granulocytopenia, acute lymph Leukemia, various adrenal insufficiency, exfoliative dermatitis, pemphigus, neurodermatitis, eczema, etc.

Prednisone Tablet Specifications

5mg

Prednisone tablets usage dosage

It is used to treat allergic and inflammatory diseases. Adults start daily doses of 15-40 mg according to their severity, 60 mg when needed, or 0.5-1 mg / kg daily. Fever patients take three doses. Those with normal temperature start daily in the morning. One serving. After the disease is stable, it should be gradually reduced, and the maintenance amount is 5-10mg, depending on the condition.

Adverse reactions to prednisone tablets

Glucocorticoids have no obvious adverse effects when applying physiological dose replacement therapy, and most of the adverse reactions occur when applying pharmacological doses, and are closely related to the course of treatment, dose, usage and route of administration. The common adverse reactions are as follows:
1. Long-term use can cause the following side effects: iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, face and body shape, weight gain, lower limb edema, purple markings, tendency to bleed easily, poor wound healing, acne, menstrual disorders, ischemic necrosis of the humerus or femoral head, bone Osteoporosis and fractures (including vertebral compression fractures, long bone pathological fractures), muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, hypokalemia syndrome, gastrointestinal irritation (nausea, vomiting), pancreatitis, peptic ulcer or perforation, child growth Suppressed, glaucoma, cataracts, benign intracranial pressure syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, and exacerbation of diabetes.
2. Patients may experience psychiatric symptoms: euphoria, agitation, delirium, restlessness, disorientation, or depression. Mental symptoms include those who are prone to suffer from chronic wasting diseases and those who have had mental disorders in the past.
3 Concomitant infection is the main adverse reaction of adrenocortical hormone. Mainly fungi, tuberculosis, staphylococcus, proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and various herpes viruses.
4 Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome. Sometimes patients have dizziness, fainting tendency, abdominal pain or back pain, low fever, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, muscle or joint pain, headache, fatigue, weakness after discontinuation of medication. Careful inspection can rule out adrenal insufficiency and the original disease. The re-ignition can be considered as glucocorticoid dependence syndrome.

Prednisone tablets taboo

1. Those who are allergic to this product and other steroid hormones are contraindicated.
2. Patients with the following diseases are generally unsuitable for use. Special circumstances should be weighed against pros and cons, but attention should be paid to the possible deterioration of the condition: severe mental illness (past or present) and epilepsy, active peptic ulcer disease, recent gastrointestinal anastomosis, fractures, and trauma repair Corneal ulcers, adrenal hyperfunction, hypertension, diabetes, pregnant women, infections that cannot be controlled by antibacterials, such as chicken pox, measles, fungal infections, and severe osteoporosis.

Prednisone tablets precautions

1. Induced infection: Under the action of hormones, the infection that has been controlled can move. The most common one is recurrence of tuberculosis infection. Application of hormones in certain infections can reduce tissue damage, reduce exudation, and reduce symptoms of infection poisoning, but must be treated with effective antibiotics at the same time, closely observe changes in the condition, after short-term medication, it should be quickly reduced and discontinued.
2. Interference to diagnosis:
(1) Glucocorticoids can increase blood glucose, blood cholesterol and blood fatty acids, blood sodium levels, and decrease blood calcium and potassium.
(2) The effect on peripheral blood image is decreased lymphocytes, eukaryotic cells, eosinophils, and basophils, multinucleated leukocytes and platelets, and the latter can also decrease.
(3) Long-term high-dose glucocorticoids can cause false negative skin test results, such as tuberculin test, histoplasmin test, and allergic skin test.
(4) It can also reduce the thyroid [sup] 131 [/ sup] I uptake rate, weaken the response of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) to TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation, and make TRH excitation test results false positive. Interfering with the results of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) excitement test.
(5) Make isotope brain and bone imaging weaken or thin.
3 The following conditions should be used with caution: heart disease or acute heart failure, diabetes, diverticulitis, emotional instability and psychosis, systemic fungal infections, glaucoma, liver damage, herpes simplex, hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension , Hypothyroidism (increased glucocorticoid effect at this time), myasthenia gravis, osteoporosis, gastric ulcer, gastritis or esophagitis, impaired renal function or stones, tuberculosis, etc.
4 Follow-up inspection: Those who have been using glucocorticoid for a long time should regularly check the following items:
(1) Blood glucose, urine glucose or glucose tolerance test, especially those with diabetes or diabetes tendency.
(2) Pediatrics should be regularly tested for growth and development.
(3) Eye examination, pay attention to the occurrence of cataract, glaucoma or eye infection.
(4) Serum electrolyte and fecal occult blood.
(5) Examination of hypertension and osteoporosis, especially in the elderly.

Prednisolone tablets for pregnant and lactating women

1. Medication during pregnancy: Glucocorticoids can pass through the placenta. Animal experimental studies have confirmed that administration during pregnancy can increase the incidence of embryonic cleft palate, placental insufficiency, spontaneous abortion and intrauterine growth retardation. Human use of pharmacological doses of glucocorticoids can increase the incidence of placental insufficiency, neonatal weight loss, or stillbirth.
2. Drugs for lactation: Because glucocorticoids can be excreted from milk, it has adverse effects on infants, such as growth inhibition and adrenal cortex function inhibition.
Pregnant women and lactating women should avoid using it as much as possible while weighing the pros and cons.

Prednisone tablets for children

Pediatric use of adrenal corticosteroids must be very careful.

Prednisolone tablets for elderly

Elderly patients are prone to hypertension and diabetes with glucocorticoids. The use of glucocorticoids in elderly patients, especially postmenopausal women, is likely to worsen osteoporosis.

Prednisolone tablets drug interactions

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics can enhance their ulcer-causing effects.
2. Can enhance the liver toxicity of acetaminophen.
3 Combined with amphotericin B or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, it can aggravate hypokalemia, and long-term combined with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, prone to hypocalcemia and osteoporosis.
4 Combined with protein anabolic hormones, it can increase the incidence of edema and make acne worse.
5. Long-term combination with anticholinergic drugs (such as atropine) can cause increased intraocular pressure.
6. Tricyclic antidepressants can aggravate the mental symptoms they cause.
7. When combined with hypoglycemic agents such as insulin, the dose of hypoglycemic agents should be adjusted appropriately because it can increase blood sugar in patients with diabetes.
8. Thyroid hormone can increase its metabolic clearance. Therefore, the dose of the latter should be adjusted appropriately in combination with thyroid hormone or antithyroid drugs.
9. Combined with contraceptives or estrogen preparations, it can enhance its therapeutic effect and adverse reactions.
10 Combined with cardiac glycoside, it can increase the toxicity of digitalis and heart rhythm disturbance.
11. Combined with potassium-releasing diuretics, it can cause severe hypokalemia, and weaken the sodium-releasing and diuretic effects of diuretics due to water and sodium retention.
12. Combined with ephedrine, it can enhance its metabolic clearance.
13. Combined with immunosuppressants, it can increase the risk of infection and may induce lymphoma or other lymphoplastic diseases.
14. May increase isoniazid metabolism and excretion in the liver, reduce isoniazid blood concentration and efficacy.
15. Can promote the metabolism of mexiletine in the body and reduce blood concentration.
16. Used in combination with salicylate to reduce plasma salicylate concentration.
17. Combined with growth hormone, can inhibit the growth-promoting effect of the latter.

Prednisolone tablets overdose

Can cause adrenal-like hyperfunction syndrome.

Prednisone tablets pharmacology and toxicology

Corticosteroids. Super physiological amount of glucocorticoids has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and immune suppression.
1. Anti-inflammatory effect: Glucocorticoids reduce and prevent tissues from responding to inflammation, thereby reducing the manifestation of inflammation.
2. Immunosuppressive effects: prevent or suppress cell-mediated immune responses, delayed allergic reactions, reduce the number of T lymphocytes and monocyte eosinophils, reduce the ability of immunoglobulins to bind to cell surface receptors, and inhibit interleukin Synthesis and release, which reduces the conversion of T cells to lymphoblasts and reduces the expansion of the primary immune response.
3 Anti-toxic and anti-shock effects: Glucocorticoids can counteract the stimulating response of bacterial endotoxins to the body, reduce cell damage and protect the body.

Prednisone tablets pharmacokinetics

This product is easily absorbed by the digestive tract, and it exists in an active form. It does not need to be transformed by the liver to exert its biological effect. The plasma plasma concentration reached a peak about 1 to 2 hours after oral administration, and t _1/2 was 2 to 3 hours. Most of the products in the blood are bound to plasma proteins (but the binding rate is lower than that of hydrocortisone), free and bound metabolites are excreted from the urine, some are excreted in their original form, and a small part can be excreted through milk.