What Are the Different Uses of Cephalexin Capsules?

The main ingredient of this product is cephalexin.
Chemical name: (6R, 7R) -3-methyl-7-[(R) -2-amino-2-phenylacetamino] -8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2. 0] Oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid-hydrate.
Chemical Structure:

Cefalexin capsules are suitable for acute tonsillitis, angina, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections caused by sensitive bacteria. This product is an oral preparation and should not be used for severe infections.

Drug Name

Cefalexin capsules

Drug type

Prescription medicines, essential medicines, medicines for medical workers' injuries

Use classification

Antibiotics

Cefalexin capsule ingredients

The main ingredient of this product is cephalexin.
Chemical name: (6R, 7R) -3-methyl-7-[(R) -2-amino-2-phenylacetamino] -8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2. 0] Oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid-hydrate.
Chemical Structure:

Molecular formula: C ₁₆ H ₁₇ N ₃ O ₄ S · H ₂ O
Molecular weight: 365.41

Cefalexin Capsule Properties

This product is a capsule.

Cefalexin capsule indications

It is suitable for acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other respiratory infections, urinary tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections caused by sensitive bacteria. This product is an oral preparation and should not be used for severe infections.

Cefalexin capsule specifications

Calculated as C ₁₆ H ₁₇ N ₃ O ₄ S

Cefalexin capsules dosage

Adult dosage: oral. Usually 250 ~ 500mg once, 4 times a day, the highest dose is 4g a day. Patients with impaired renal function should be dosed according to the degree of impaired renal function. 500 mg every 12 hours for patients with simple cystitis, skin and soft tissue infections, and streptococcal angina.
Child dose: oral. According to the daily weight of 25-50mg / kg, 4 times a day. Patients with skin and soft tissue infections and streptococcal angina will take 12.5-50 mg / kg orally every 12 hours.

Cefalexin capsules adverse reactions

1. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are more common.
2. Allergic reactions such as rash and drug fever may occasionally cause anaphylactic shock.
3 Dizziness, diplopia, tinnitus, convulsions and other nervous system reactions.
4 Occasional transient renal damage may occur during the application of this product.
5. Occasionally, patients have elevated serum aminotransferase and positive Coombs test. Hemolytic anemia is rare, and neutropenia and pseudomembranous colitis have been reported.

Cefalexin capsules contraindications

Those who are allergic to cephalosporins and those who have a history of anaphylactic shock or immediate reactions to penicillin are contraindicated.

Cefalexin capsules precautions

1. Before applying this product, the patient must be asked in detail about the history of allergies to cephalosporins, penicillins and other drugs. People with a history of penicillin anaphylactic shock should not use this product. Other patients must pay attention to cephalosporins and cephalosporins when applying this product. Penicillins have a chance of cross-allergic reactions of about 5% to 7%, and should be used with caution under close observation. In the event of an allergic reaction, the drug is discontinued immediately. If anaphylactic shock occurs, rescue must be carried out immediately, including measures to keep the airway open, inhale oxygen and use of adrenaline and glucocorticoids.
2. Patients with a history of gastrointestinal diseases, especially those with ulcerative colitis, localized enteritis or antibacterial drug-associated colitis (cephalosporin rarely produces pseudomembranous enteritis) and those with impaired renal function should use this product with caution.
3 Disturbance to diagnosis: Positive Coombs test positive and urine glucose false positive (copper sulfate method) may occur when applying this product; alkaline phosphatase, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in a few patients Enzymes can be elevated.
4 When the daily oral dose exceeds 4g (anhydrocephalosporin), consideration should be given to switching to cephalosporins for injection.
5. Cefalexin is mainly excreted by the kidney, and this product should be reduced in patients with impaired renal function.

Cefalexin capsules for pregnant and lactating women

This product passes through the placenta, so pregnant women should use it with caution; this product can also be excreted through breast milk. Although there have been no reports of problems with cephalosporins in lactating women, it has to be weighed before using it.

Cefalexin capsules for children

still uncertain.

Cefalexin capsules for elderly

still uncertain.

Cefalexin capsule drug interactions

1. When combined with cholestyramine (cholestyramine), the average blood concentration of cephalexin can be reduced.
2. Probenecid can delay renal excretion of this product, and it has also been reported that probenecid can increase excretion of this product in bile.

Cefalexin capsules overdose

still uncertain.

Cephalexin Capsules Pharmacology and Toxicology

1. The pharmacological cephalexin belongs to the first generation of cephalosporins, and its antibacterial spectrum is similar to that of cephalosporin, but its antibacterial activity is worse than the latter. Except for Enterococcus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus, most strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus hemolyticus, and Staphylococcus with or without penicillinase are sensitive to this product. This product has a good antibacterial effect on Neisseria, but Haemophilus influenzae is less sensitive to this product; this product has a certain antibacterial effect on some Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella and Shigella. The other Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacteroides fragile are all resistant to this product. Clostridia and Werenococcus are generally sensitive to this product, and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci are moderately sensitive to this product.
2. Toxic cephalexin mice have an oral LD50 of 2600 mg / kg.

Pharmacokinetics of Cefalexin Capsules

The product is well absorbed. The peak plasma concentration (C _max ) is reached 1 hour after oral administration of 500 mg of this product on an empty stomach, with an average of 18 mg / L. Medication after meals prolongs absorption and reduces peak blood drug concentration, but absorption does not decrease. The absorption of this product can be increased in children with celiac disease and small intestinal diverticulum, and can be delayed and decreased in patients with Crohn's disease and pulmonary cystic fibrosis. Although the gastrointestinal absorption of the elderly did not decrease, the blood drug concentration remained longer than that of the younger. The blood elimination half-life (t _{1 / 2} ) of this product is 0.6 to 1.0 hours. The addition of probenecid can increase the blood concentration, t _{1 / 2} can be extended to 1.8 hours, and t _{1 / 2} can be extended to 5 in renal failure. 30 hours; neonatal t _{1 / 2} was 6.3 hours. This product is widely distributed in various body fluids after absorption. The average concentration in sputum after oral administration of 500 mg every 6 hours is 0.32 mg / L, and the concentration in purulent sputum is higher. The pus drug concentration is basically equal to the blood drug concentration, and the drug concentration in the joint cavity exudate is 50% of the blood drug concentration. This product can enter the fetal blood circulation through the placenta, the maternal amniotic fluid; the milk concentration of 5mg / L after the oral administration of 500mg. About 5% of the oral dose is excreted from the bile, and the drug concentration in the bile is 1 to 4 times the blood concentration. The serum protein binding rate was 10% to 15%. This product is not metabolized in the body, and the cumulative excretion of 80% to 90% of the dose in the urine within 24 hours, and the peak urine concentration of 500mg can reach 2200mg / L. Cefalexin is cleared by hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Cefalexin capsule storage

Shaded, sealed, stored in a cool and dark place (shading does not exceed 20 ° C).

Cefalexin capsules

Packed in aluminum-plastic blister, 12 capsules / box, 24 capsules / box, 3 * 12 capsules / board / box.

Cefalexin capsule expiration date

36 months

Cefalexin Capsules

Chinese Pharmacopoeia H13020791