What Are the Medical Uses of Achyranthes Aspera?

Hyssop (Scientific name: Hyssopus officinalis.) Is a perennial herb of the Labiatae family, which is straight and hard. The plant height is about 20-50 cm. It is native to the Mediterranean coast, and is also distributed in India, Iran, and Xinjiang in China. It can treat lung diseases, bronchitis, indigestion, and loss of appetite. Essential oils can be used for aromatherapy, and leaves can be used as external medicine to treat bruises and ulcers.

Chinese scientific name: God vanilla
Latin scientific name: Hyssopus officinalis
nickname: Hyssop, Salix, Hyssop
Two-name method: Hyssopus officinalis
boundary: Plant kingdom
door: Angiospermae
Tsuna: Dicotyledoneae
Subclass: Hemophilia Sympetalae

Head: Tubiflorae
Branch: Labiatae
Yaco: Lamioideae
Family: Pagoda family SATUREJEAE
Genus: Hyssopus
Species: God vanilla
subspecies: Hard pointed god vanilla, wide lips god vanilla
distribution area: Mediterranean to Central Asia, India, Iran, and Xinjiang, China

History of Hyssop Botany

Hyssop Hyssop is a traditional sacred weed in Judaism. It has the custom of eating it to cleanse it. The Bible s Psalm 5l-7 reads that King David, the second generation of the ancient Hebrew kingdom, found his sins serious: Knees cleanse me, and I am clean. " This should be the purifying effect of this plant on plague, leprosy, and chest pain. In fact, because of its deodorizing properties, people often use it to purify sacred altars and temples, so hyssop is always considered a sacred plant. It is also recorded in John 19:30 that a vinegar sponge was tied to a bunch of hyssop and then handed to Jesus for him to drink.

However, some people think that the "hyssop" refers not to hyssop, but to marjoram that grows naturally in the holy place, or to followers commonly found in Jordan hills and the Egyptian desert. Maybe something went wrong when the Bible was translated from Hebrew to Greek or even English, but the Arabs still call Hyssop the "Holy Grass".

Morphological characteristics of hyssop

Hyssop (5 photos)

Half shrub, 20-50 (80) cm tall. Stems much branched, obtuse quadrangular, striate, pubescent. Leaves linear, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1-4 cm long, 2-7 mm wide, apex obtuse, base tapering to wedge-shaped, sessile, glabrous on both sides, glandular, insignificant midvein above The lower part is obviously bulged, with rough edges and short rough hairs, which are slightly inwardly rolled. Verticillium inflorescences with 3-7 flowers, axillary, often skewed to one side, with total pedicels less than 1 mm long, consisting of elongated terminal spikes usually 4 cm long, denser in the upper part and lower in the lower part Stay away, sometimes clustered into panicles at the top of the main shaft due to the contraction of lateral flowering branches. At this time, the inflorescences are very long, up to 10 cm; the bracts and bracteoles are linear-shaped, sharp, longer than the pedicel, 3- 5 mm, pubescent; pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm long, both pubescent and total pedicel. Calyx tube-shaped, with teeth about 7.5 mm long, often colored, with pubescence on the veins, glandular spots between the veins, glabrous on the inside, 15 veins prominent, and the depression between the teeth is somewhat tumorous due to the connection of the two veins. Calyx teeth 5, triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm in length, shortly pointed at apex. Corolla light blue to purple, about 1 cm in length, except for the lobes in the lower lip and the base of the crown tube, which are all puberulent, and the inside is glabrous. The crown tube is about 7. mm long, not exceeding the calyx, and the crown has two lips. The upper lip is oval, extending straight, about 2.5 mm long, with 2 apex apex, lower lip opening, 3 lobes, middle lobes wide, more than two lateral lobes, and lateral lobes oval. Stamens 4, long anterior pair, prominently protruding corolla, short posterior pair, slightly extending corolla, filaments filiform, glabrous, anthers ovoid, 2-loculed, ventrally divergent. Style slightly beyond stamens, curved forward, apex equal to 2 lobes. The disk is flat-topped. Ovary glabrous. Flowering in June. ^[1]

Hyssop distribution

Divine vanilla is a plant belonging to the genus Lamiaceae, with 15 species, mostly multi-year herbs or semi-shrubs, which are distributed from the Mediterranean to Central Asia. There are two species in China, Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss and Hyssopus latilabiatus CY Wu et HW Li, mainly distributed in northern Xinjiang. ^[2]

Hyssop

Divine vanilla likes warm weather conditions, suitable temperature for germination is 18-25 , suitable temperature for growth is 15-28 ; the soil is not strictly required, it is better to use well-drained slightly acidic sandy loam soil; in winter, the aboveground parts die and the underground parts The next spring sprouts.

God herb is mainly seeded and propagated, and it is best to carry out seedling transplanting. In field cultivation, sufficient bottom fertilizer should be applied, with a row spacing of 30 cm x 45 cm; potted plants use rotted leaf soil or vegetable garden soil as cultivation soil, and each potted plant contains 1 to 2 seedlings.

Reproduction methods include sowing, branching and cuttings. Sowing is carried out in April, and the germination days will take about 2 weeks. After germination, keep the seedlings between 25 cm and 30 cm apart. Cuttings were carried out in the spring of the second year and required shading conditions; the ramets were carried out in the autumn of the second year. The harvesting period is generally the flowering season. If the purpose is to pick flowers, only one harvest can be harvested in the first year. From the second year, two harvests can be harvested in late July and late August. If the purpose is to harvest leaves, Can be harvested at any time (but the amount of leaves collected at one time must not exceed 1/4 of the total amount). Once successfully planted, or harvested continuously for 4-5 years. ^[3]

Hyssop cultivation technology

Flowering period: June to August.

Sunshine: Sunshine needs to be sufficient.

Management: Hyssop is resistant to dryness and cold, but it is very resistant to moisture; once it is in the rainy season, the roots will easily rot, so it is necessary to separate the distance between the seedlings before planting so that it can have sufficient sunlight And a well-ventilated environment.

Moisture: A moderate amount is sufficient for irrigation, not too humid.

Hyssop value

Hyssop edible value

Hyssop body Hyssop is as refreshing as mint, but slightly bitter. It has been used in Europe for a long time to make tea or cook dishes and enjoy its fragrance, and its medicinal effects have come in handy in folk remedies. Hyssop flowers bloom depending on the variety, some are white, some are pink or purple, and the strongest is the purple variety.

Tea can be brewed throughout the hyssop, especially the leaves, which are said to strengthen the stomach. In addition, it can relieve the symptoms of bronchitis and colds, so it is the most suitable tea for colds. Rinse your mouth with strong tea to relieve sore throat. In addition to its calming and strengthening effects, hyssop tea can also give people a cool feeling, so drinking it before meals can increase appetite, and drinking it after meals can make the teeth fragrant. However, Hyssop contains hydatidone, a component that causes seizures, and people with high blood pressure should not drink it.

Hyssop can also be used for cooking. Fresh leaves are shredded and can be used for potato salads, sauces, etc. Because of the strong aroma, it should not be too much, and it is often added to fruit cocktails in the United States. It also eliminates the fishy smell of meat and fish, and it helps digestion when added to greasy dishes. Dry buds add flavor to liqueur.

Hyssop medical uses

In India, Iran, and Xinjiang, China, hyssopus (hyssop) is a traditional medicine used in traditional folk medicine. Among them, hard-pointed hyssopus is used as medicine, and the Uyghur name is "Zupacini". Uyghur medicine believes that the properties of Divine vanilla are secondary dry heat, and the main functions are phlegm, cough, cold, sterilization, cough, headache, cold and fever caused by asthma and cold, cough and asthma caused by bronchitis. ^[4] In addition, foreign folk medicine also believes that Divine Herb has the function of reducing spasm and strengthening the stomach. ^{[5] The} specific functions are as follows:

Anti-aging (oxidative) effect

Divine vanilla and non-volatile extracts can reduce the content of lipid peroxidation (MAD) and lipofuscin (LPF) in the body, improve the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in the body and serum (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) activity. Divine vanilla extract can significantly reduce the content of MAD and LPF in tissues, remove oxygen free radicals from the body, and improve the body's ability to resist active oxygen damage. ^[2]

2. Anti-asthma effect

God herb has obvious anti-asthma effect, and its mechanism may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of god herb is as follows: god herb can enhance the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and inhibit IL-4 and asthma mice. The secretion of IL-17, which in turn inhibits the accumulation of inflammatory cells, corrects the Thl / h2 type cytokine imbalance; reduces the number of eosinophils in alveolar perfusion fluid, and inhibits the level of eosinophil chemokine-2 in serum. ^[2]

Hypoglycemic effect

In diabetic model animals, the extract of god vanilla significantly inhibited its increase in blood sugar. Some experiments have shown that Divine vanilla extract can control the absorption of glucose in the intestine, and has an improving effect on patients with high blood sugar such as diabetes. ^[2]

4. Expectorant and antitussive effect

Divine vanilla extract can antagonize cough caused by ammonia and asthma caused by histamine phosphate, and has a certain expectorant effect. In vitro experiments found that the essential oil of Divine vanilla showed a significant diastolic effect on the contraction of tracheal smooth muscle in vitro in mice induced by carbachol and histamine. The volatile oil active ingredient isofluorenone dose-dependently inhibited acetylcholine and barium chloride in guinea pigs. Ileum contraction, isofluorenone may be the material basis of the antitussive effect of god vanilla. ^[2]

5. Antibacterial effect

In addition to the certain inhibitory effect of S. aureus and volatile oil of S. aureus on S. aureus, it can also inhibit the proliferation of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The effect of S. aureus essential oil is more significant than that of water extract. In addition, the essential oil of Divine vanilla can also inhibit the activity of Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia. Divine vanilla ethanol extract also has a certain inhibitory effect on Aspergillus niger, and has certain application value in the protection of food or medicinal materials. ^[2]

6. Improving effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Divine vanilla extract has an effect on improving lung function in COPD mice, and can reduce the levels of IL-4, IL-l7, IL-13, IL-18 in serum, and increase the levels of IFN- and IL-10. The mechanism may be related to its imbalance and anti-inflammatory regulation of Th1 / Th2 and Th17 / Treg. ^[2]

Hyssop Heart Effect

It has a strong effect on the mind and makes people clear and sharp. Because it can express hidden feelings, it can obviously release painful emotions. It is said to clear the spleen and forget. ^[6]

Hyssop essential oil

Plant species: herb

Extraction site: apex of leaves and flowers

Extraction method: distillation

Volatile: Medium or Slow

Smell: warm, sweet, penetrating.

Origin of essential oils: Germany, France and Italy.

Chemical structure:

Alcohols-Borneol, Esterol

Ketones-camphor, achyranthes ketones, thujone

Sesquiterpenes--Juniper Terpenes

Terpene tobacco--camphorene, terpineol

It has a spicy flavor similar to thyme and basil, and has a sweet vanilla fragrance in serenity. Skin effect: It can reduce wrinkles on aging skin.

Has a strong bactericidal effect, effective for bronchitis or asthma, sore throat. To increase sputum fluidity and increase the chance of coughing up sputum, it also has the function of smoothing and stimulating the respiratory system and heart. It can also reduce excess fat and help reduce weight.

Instructions:

Hot compress: Put 2-3 drops in a hot water basin, and apply hot compresses with a towel, which is very beneficial for rheumatism.

Cold compress: Drop 2-3 drops in a cold water basin to treat bruised bruises.

Note: People with epilepsy must not use Hyssop essential oil because it may lead to the onset of the disease. Pregnant women and people with hypertension should also avoid it.

Essential oils to blend with:

Lime tincture, celery, fennel, lavender, lemon balm, orange, rosemary, red mandarin.