What Are the Pros and Cons of Amoxicillin for Children?

Amoxicillin granules, the indications are for the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria (strains that do not produce -lactamase), typhoid fever and urinary tract infections: 1. Upper respiratory tract infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis caused by hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, or haemophilus influenzae. 2. Urogenital infections caused by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, or Enterococcus faecalis. 3 Skin and soft tissue infections caused by hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, or Escherichia coli. 4 Lower respiratory tract infections such as acute bronchitis and pneumonia caused by hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, or haemophilus influenzae. 5. Acute simple gonorrhea. 6. This product can still be used to treat typhoid fever, typhoid carriers and leptospirosis; Amoxicillin can also be combined with clarithromycin and lansoprazole to eradicate the stomach and duodenal Helicobacter pylori and reduce the recurrence rate of gastrointestinal ulcer .

Drug Name: Amoxicillin granules

Drug type: Prescription medicines, essential medicines, medicines for medical workers' injuries
Use classification: Antibiotics

Amoxicillin Granule Composition

The main ingredient of this product is amoxicillin, and its chemical name is (2S, 5R, 6R) -3,3-dimethyl-6-[(R)-(-)-2-amino-2- (4-hydroxy Phenyl) acetylamino] -7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid trihydrate.
Molecular formula: C ₁₆ H ₁₉ N ₃ O ₅ S · 3H ₂ O
Molecular weight: 419.46

Amoxicillin granular traits

This product is light yellow granules and powders, with a fragrant and sweet flavor.

Amoxicillin granule indication

For the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria (strains that do not produce -lactamase), typhoid fever and urinary tract infections:
1. Upper respiratory tract infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis caused by hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, or haemophilus influenzae.
2. Urogenital infections caused by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, or Enterococcus faecalis.
3 Skin and soft tissue infections caused by hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, or Escherichia coli.
4 Lower respiratory tract infections such as acute bronchitis and pneumonia caused by hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, or haemophilus influenzae.
5. Acute simple gonorrhea.
6. This product can still be used to treat typhoid fever, typhoid carriers and leptospirosis; Amoxicillin can also be combined with clarithromycin and lansoprazole to eradicate the stomach and duodenal Helicobacter pylori and reduce the recurrence rate of gastrointestinal ulcers .

Amoxicillin particle specifications

0.125g (calculated based on C ₁₆ H ₁₉ N ₃ O ₅ S)

Amoxicillin granules dosage

oral. Open the small bag, pour the medicine powder into an appropriate amount of cold boiling water, shake well, and then take it.
Pediatric: The daily dose is 20 40mg / kg, every 8 hours. Newborns and premature infants receive 50 mg orally each time. For infants younger than 3 months, the daily dose is 30 mg / kg, once every 12 hours.
The reference dosage of amoxicillin granules for children is 0.125g / bag / time within one week old 0.5 bags 1-3 years old 1 bag 3-5 years old 1.5 bags 5-10 years old 2 bags 10 years old or more 2-3 bags Daily dosage: daily 3 times or as directed by your doctor.
Adult: 0.5g (4 bags), once every 6 to 8 hours. The daily dose does not exceed 4g (32 bags).

Adverse reactions to amoxicillin granules

1. Gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and pseudomeningitis.
2. Allergic reactions such as rash, drug fever and asthma.
3 Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and eosinophilia.
4 Serum aminotransferases may be slightly elevated.
5. Double infection caused by Candida or resistant bacteria.
6. I have occasional CNS symptoms such as excitement, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, and abnormal behavior.

Amoxicillin Granules Taboo

Penicillin allergies and positive reactions to penicillin skin tests are contraindicated.

Notes on Amoxicillin Granules

1. Patients with infectious mononucleosis are prone to rash when using this product and should be avoided.
2. Patients with a longer course of treatment should check their liver and kidney function and blood routine.
3. Amoxicillin can cause false positives in urine glucose tests using Benedict or Fehling reagents.
4. Use with caution in the following situations:
(1) People with a history of allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever.
(2) The dosage may need to be adjusted in elderly and severely impaired renal function.
(3) Patients with an endogenous creatinine clearance of 10 to 30 ml / min. 0.25 to 0.5 g {2 to 4 bags) every 12 hours. Patients with an endogenous creatinine clearance rate of less than 10 ml / min are 0.25 to 0.5 g (2 to 4 bags) every 24 hours.

Amoxicillin granules for pregnant and lactating women

Animal reproduction tests showed that amoxicillin at 10 times the human dose did not impair fertility and fetuses in rats and mice. However, in humans, there are insufficient controlled studies. Given that animal reproduction tests cannot fully predict human response, pregnant women should only use this product when it is really necessary.
Because a small amount of amoxicillin is secreted in milk, breast milk may cause allergies in infants.

Amoxicillin granule drug interactions

1. Probenecid reduces competitively the renal tubular secretion of this product. The simultaneous application of probenecid may cause the increase of amoxicillin blood concentration and prolonged half-life.

2. Chloramphenicol, macrolides, sulfa and tetracyclines interfere with the antibacterial effect of amoxicillin in vitro, but its clinical significance is unknown.

Amoxicillin granules overdose

A prospective study involving 51 pediatric patients suggested that amoxicillin did not cause significant clinical symptoms when administered at doses not exceeding 250 mg / kg. A few patients have been reported to have renal insufficiency and oliguria due to amoxicillin overdose. However, renal impairment is reversible after discontinuation.

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Amoxicillin Granules

Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic. It is effective against Streptococcus spp. Such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and hemolytic streptococcus, aerobic Gram-positive cocci, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, salmonella -lactamase-producing strains of H. pylori and aerobic gram-negative bacteria such as Haemophilus, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and H. pylori have good antibacterial activity. Amoxicillin exerts a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, which can make bacteria quickly become spheroids, solubilize and rupture.

Pharmacokinetics of Amoxicillin Granules

It is absorbed quickly after oral administration, and about 75% to 90% can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After oral administration of 0.25g, 0.5g, and 1g, the peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 5.1 mg / L, 10.8 mg / L, and 20.6 mg / L, respectively, and the peak time was 1 to 2 hours. This product is well distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Patients with acute episodes of pneumonia or chronic bronchitis had 0.5g mg and 0.53 mg / L average sputum concentrations in the sputum 2 to 3 hours and 6 hours after oral administration of 0.5 g of this product, respectively, while plasma concentrations were 11 mg / L and 3.5 mg / L. Children with chronic otitis media take 1 g of this product 1 to 2 hours after oral administration of this product, and the drug concentration in the middle ear fluid is 6.2 mg / L. Patients with tuberculous meningitis have a concentration of 0.1 to 1.5 mg / L in the cerebrospinal fluid 2 hours after oral administration of 1 g of this product, which is equivalent to 0.9% to 21.1% of the blood concentration in the same period. This product can pass through the placenta. The concentration in umbilical cord blood is 1/4 to 1/3 of the maternal blood concentration, and it is also traced in milk, sweat and tears. The protein binding rate of amoxicillin is 17% to 20%. The blood elimination half-life (t _{1 / 2} ) of this product is 1 to 1.3 hours, and about 24% to 33% of the dose after metabolism is metabolized in the liver. Within 4 hours, 45% to 68% of the dose was excreted from the urine as the original drug, and some drugs were excreted through the biliary tract. The serum half-life of patients with severe renal insufficiency can be extended to 7 hours. Hemodialysis can remove this product, while peritoneal dialysis has no effect.

Amoxicillin Granule Storage

Protect from light and store in a sealed container.

Amoxicillin pellet packaging

Packed in aluminum plastic, 18 bags per box.

Expiration Date of Amoxicillin Granules

Three years. ^[1]