What Is a Callus Rasp?

Callus refers to tissue that is newly formed on the surface of the wound after local stimulation of the original plant body. It consists of living parenchyma cells that can originate from various living tissues in any organ of the plant.

Callus

Callus culture is divided into subculture and differentiation culture.

One using callus

Compact: no large intercellular spaces in the callus

The formation of a typical callus from an explant generally goes through three periods: the initiation period, the division period, and the formation period. The initiation period is the period when a cell is ready to divide. The cells of the explants used for seeding are usually mature cells and are at rest. The initiation period is through the stimulation of some stimulating factors (such as mechanical damage, changing light intensity, increasing oxygen, etc.) and hormones to enhance the anabolic activity of explant cells and rapidly synthesize proteins and nucleic acids. Mechanical damage can induce plant body cells to begin to divide, such as callus on wounds. The term callus is still used in plant tissue culture, but callus induced by plant cell division in plant tissue culture is not the result of injury. Exogenous auxins have a good effect on inducing cell division. Therefore, auxins are widely used in plant tissue culture. Commonly used are 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, and Cytokinin and so on.

Callus in the division stage is characterized by fast cell division, loose structure, light and transparent color.

The dedifferentiation of explants varies greatly depending on the plant species, the origin of the organs and their physiological conditions. For example, the dedifferentiation of tobacco, carrot and other plants is easier, the dedifferentiation of grasses is more difficult; the dedifferentiation of flowers is easier, the dedifferentiation of stems and leaves is more difficult; the dedifferentiation of young tissues is easier, Tissue dedifferentiation is more difficult.