What Is a Controlled Release Drug?

The controlled release coating film is used to quantify and release the drug at a uniform and constant rate, so as to keep the blood drug concentration constant. The drug controlled release function can be reached through the membrane permeation control system and the body diffusion system. Targeted release of drugs can be implemented through biological recognition mechanisms, permeation mechanisms, and in vitro control.

Drug controlled release

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The controlled release coating film is used to quantify and release the drug at a uniform and constant rate, so as to keep the blood drug concentration constant. The drug controlled release function can be reached through the membrane permeation control system and the body diffusion system. Targeted release of drugs can be implemented through biological recognition mechanisms, permeation mechanisms, and in vitro control.

Chinese name

Drug controlled release

Foreign name

drug delivery

The controlled release coating film is used to quantify and release the drug at a uniform and constant rate, so as to keep the blood drug concentration constant.

The drug controlled release function can be reached through the membrane permeation control system and the body diffusion system. Targeted release of drugs can be implemented through biological recognition mechanisms, permeation mechanisms, and in vitro control.

Nano drug carriers can be divided into polymer nano drug carriers, nano liposomes, and so on.

Advantages: 1. Easy to use

2.Can maintain normal blood drug concentration

3. Does not cause drug accumulation poisoning

4.Small toxic and side effects on normal cells and tissues

5. Improve curative effect, safety and speed.

There are many types of drug controlled release systems. According to the drug release mechanism, it can be divided into three categories: diffusion mechanism, chemical reaction mechanism and solvent activation system.

I. Diffusion controlled drug release system

Diffusion controlled drug release systems can be divided into two types, storage type and matrix type. The former is to embed the drug in a polymer carrier, and then release it from the polymer system to the environment. This type of controlled release system is usually made of polymer materials in the form of flat, spherical, cylindrical and other carriers, the drug is embedded in it, and it is released at a constant rate over time. In a matrix-type release system, the drug is bound to the polymer carrier in a dissolved or dispersed form. For a drug controlled release system using a non-biodegradable polymer material as a carrier, the solubility of the drug in the system is a controlling factor for its release rate. For biodegradable polymer materials, the release rate of the drug is controlled by both the solubility of the drug in the system and the degradation rate of the polymer carrier. If the degradation rate is much lower than the diffusion rate, diffusion becomes the controlling factor for drug release; conversely, if the drug is difficult to move in the carrier, degradation becomes the controlling factor for release.

Chemical controlled drug release system

The chemically controlled drug release system can be divided into two drug systems, namely a mixed drug film biodegradable system and a biodegradable macromolecular drug system. In the mixed drug film system, the drug is dispersed in a biodegradable polymer material, and the drug is difficult to diffuse in the polymer carrier. The drug can be released from the carrier only after the outer polymer is degraded. In a biodegradable macromolecular drug system, a drug is connected to a polymer carrier or a drug molecule in the form of a chemical bond, and the release of the drug must be performed by hydrolysis or enzymolysis.

3. Solvent activation control drug release system

As a drug controlled release carrier, polymers control the release of drugs at a certain rate through the mechanism of permeation and swelling. The former uses the principle of semi-permeable membranes. The rate of drug release is related to the solubility of the drug, and has nothing to do with other properties of the drug. The latter is to control the release rate of the drug through swelling of the polymer. In the polymer carrier, the drug does not diffuse at first, but when the solvent penetrates the polymer, the polymer begins to swell, and the polymer chain relaxes, and the drug diffuses out of the polymer carrier. Therefore, the carrier of this drug controlled release system is required to be a polymer material that can swell. Such as EVA, PVA, etc. ^[1]