What Is an Insulin Infusion Pump?

An infusion pump is an intelligent infusion device. It is a specialized medical device that uses mechanical driving force to accurately control the number of infusion droplets or the infusion flow rate to ensure accurate and safe entry into the patient's body. The clinical application of infusion pumps has greatly improved the accuracy, safety and quality of infusion.

Chinese name: Infusion pump
Foreign name: Infusion Pump

Category Name: Intravascular infusion device
Product Category: Class III medical devices

Common categories of infusion pumps

Clinically used intravenous infusion pumps are mainly divided into two categories based on infusion volume and infusion accuracy, namely infusion pumps and microinjection pumps ^[1] .

Infusion Pump
It is mainly used for routine infusion. It is usually a large volume and high flow rate intravenous infusion. The minimum flow rate can be controlled at 1m / h, the accuracy is ± 5%, and the single dose can reach 9999mL.
Micro syringe pump
It is suitable for the occasion of microinjection and precise administration. The minimum flow rate can be controlled at 0.1ml / h, and the accuracy can be as high as ± 2%. The single dose is related to the specifications of the syringe. The maximum injection dose is 100ml.

In addition, according to the special needs of the clinic, there are some specialized pumps. Such as nasal feeding pumps for infusion of nutrient solutions, anesthesia pumps (TCL pumps) for anesthesia target control, analgesic pumps for pain relief, insulin pumps for insulin infusion, etc.

Basic structure of infusion pump

Infusion pump structure
The core control device of the infusion pump is a central microprocessor system. By driving the display screen and receiving instructions from the control panel, the parameter setting and operation monitoring of the infusion pump can be completed. The control system of the infusion pump mainly includes an execution part and a detection part ^[1] .
Micro syringe pump structure
The micro-injector pump is referred to as a micro-pump or a syringe pump, which is similar in structure to an infusion pump. The micro-injector pump can also infuse a patient through a vein for a long time. There are single-pass pumps, two-pass pumps, three-way pumps, and even combined micro-injection pumps with more channels ^[1] .

Indications for infusion pumps

Widely used in major, middle and small hospital emergency rooms, operating rooms, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, hematology, internal medicine, surgery and general ward infusion of medical fluids to patients. Such as injection of antihypertensive, anticoagulant, hormone, oxytocin and other special drugs or the use of syringe pump chemotherapy, continuous injection of analgesics and high concentration potassium chloride micropump deep vein potassium supplement.

How to use the infusion pump

First, the air bubbles in the infusion tube need to be discharged, the infusion pump is turned on, and the drug is automatically infused into the recipient at the set flow rate. During the infusion, real-time detection of air bubbles, air fluid, leaks, blockages in the pipeline, etc., if any abnormalities are found, the alarm will be timely reported ^[2] .

Precautions for infusion pumps

Most people who use micropumps are critically ill patients. The drug solution cannot be arbitrarily interrupted during the application. When the drug in the syringe has not been used up, it should be prepared in advance and used quickly.
Strict handover. The drug on the syringe pump should be marked with the drug name, dosage, administration time, pump speed and signature. When changing the pump or medicine, the label should be changed, and the shift should be detailed.
Strictly aseptic operation, the syringe and pump tube should be replaced every 24 hours for those who continuously use the micro pump, and they can be replaced at any time if there is contamination.
Intensify inspections and closely observe the local reaction of the medication, whether there is blood back, extravasation, and local swelling. Once extravasation of the drug was found, the bolus was immediately stopped, the vein was reselected, and local treatment was done ^[2] .

Common Specialty Pumps for Infusion Pumps

The insulin pump can simulate the human body's secretion of insulin, effectively and effectively reduce the high blood sugar level, so as to reach the common specialty pump for controlling diabetes ^[2] .

Indication

It is mainly applicable to patients with type 1 diabetes, especially those with "difficult to control", "variable" and "fragile" conditions.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, it is difficult to control or co-exist with severe infections by previous methods, and newly diagnosed, need surgery, and have hypoglycemic patients with severe symptoms that are not easy to detect.
Perioperative blood glucose control in patients with diabetes and glycemic control in patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia.
Gestational diabetes or diabetes with pregnancy.
Dawn severely leads to poor overall blood glucose control.
Due to work irregularities, insulin injection therapy is very difficult to control blood sugar.
Patients with gastroparesis or long meals.

Contraindications

Patients who are reluctant to self-monitor blood glucose, implant needles under the skin, or wear insulin pumps for long periods
Physical instability, alcoholism and drug abuse.
Anaphylaxis, including allergies to insulin and severe skin allergies.
Patients with severe depression and mental disorders.
Patients with severe disability, such as blindness or hemiplegia, who cannot operate the pump themselves.