What Is Bio Energy Healing?

Bioenergy refers to a combination of agricultural and forestry waste resources, industrial waste resources, and municipal waste resources, with additives such as charcoal powder, binding oils, and combustion aids, including biogas, biological hydrogen production, biodiesel, and fuel ethanol.

Bioenergy, also known as green energy, refers to the energy obtained from biomass. It is the earliest energy used by mankind. The ancients drilled wood for fire, burned charcoal, and actually used bioenergy. "Everything depends on the sun." Bioenergy is converted from solar energy. As long as the sun does not go out, bioenergy is inexhaustible. The process of transformation is to synthesize carbon dioxide and water into biomass through photosynthesis of green plants. The use of biological energy generates carbon dioxide and water to form a material cycle. In theory,

As a renewable energy source with minimal pollution, bioenergy has unparalleled superiority, and it will surely inject a strong impetus into the economic development and environmental protection of the 21st century. Compared with petroleum, coal and other energy sources, bioenergy has the following characteristics:

(1) Biomass energy has little pollution to the environment during the discharge process. Biomass energy generates carbon dioxide during the discharge process, and the emitted carbon dioxide can be absorbed by the photosynthesis of growing plants to achieve zero carbon dioxide emissions, which is extremely beneficial for reducing the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere and reducing the "greenhouse effect".

(2) The content of biomass energy is huge, and it belongs to renewable energy. As long as there is sunlight, photosynthesis of green plants will not stop and biomass energy will not be exhausted. Strongly promote activities such as tree planting and grass planting, which will not only continuously supply biomass energy raw materials, but also improve the ecological environment.

(3) Biomass energy is universal and accessible. Biomass energy exists in state-owned countries and regions in the world, and it is cheap and easy to obtain, and the production process is very simple.

(4) Biomass energy can be stored and transported. Among renewable energy sources, biomass energy is the only energy source that can be stored and transported, which facilitates its processing, conversion and continuous use.

(5) High volatile components of biomass energy, high carbon activity and flammable. At a temperature of about 400 ° C, most of the volatile components of biomass energy can be released, and it is relatively easy to realize the conversion into gaseous fuel. After burning biomass energy, the ash content is small and it is not easy to stick, which can simplify the ash removal equipment.

In terms of the overall composition of biomass energy resources, biomass energy in rural China accounts for more than 70% of all biomass energy. The rest are mainly urban living, sewage and forestry wastes. From the biomass resources and utilization of advanced countries, Judging from the above, the main components are mainly forestry waste and firewood forest. With the development of fuelwood forest technology and the improvement of industrial level in China, the proportion in this area will become larger and larger, so the amount of development and utilization in this area cannot be ignored.

In addition, the development of bioenergy has the following advantages:

(1) Bioenergy is the only energy product that can replace petroleum fuel on a large scale. Water, wind, solar, nuclear and other new energy sources are only suitable for power generation and heating.

(2) Diversity in bioenergy products. Energy products include liquid bioethanol and diesel, solid prototypes and shaped fuels, and gaseous biogas. It can replace oil, coal and natural gas, as well as heat and power generation.

(3) Diversity in bioenergy raw materials. Biofuels can use crop stalks, forestry processing residues, livestock and poultry manure, organic waste water from food processing industry, and municipal waste, and can also use low-quality land to grow a variety of energy plants.

(4) The "materiality" of bioenergy, like petroleum and coal, can produce various materials such as plastics, fibers, and chemical raw materials, forming a huge biochemical production system. This is impossible for other renewable and new energy sources.

(5) "Recyclability" and "environmental protection" of bioenergy. Biofuels are products produced during the detoxification and recycling of organic wastes from agriculture, forestry, and urban and rural areas. All living materials of biofuels can enter the biological cycle of the earth, and even the released carbon dioxide will be reabsorbed by plants. Participate in the Earth's cycle and achieve zero emissions. Material sustainability and resource recyclability are a modern advanced production model.

(6) "Driverability" of bioenergy. Biofuels can expand the field of agricultural production, drive rural economic development, and increase farmers' income; it can also promote the development of manufacturing, construction, and automotive industries. The development of biofuels in China, etc., can also promote agricultural industrialization and the development of small and medium-sized towns, and narrow the gap between workers and peasants, which has important political, economic and social significance.

(7) Bioenergy has a "suppressive" effect on crude oil prices. Biofuels will increase the number of "crude oil" producing countries from 20 to 200. By producing fuel independently, the price of imported oil will be suppressed, and the cost of imported oil will be reduced, so that more funds can be used to improve people's lives and fundamentally solve food problems. crisis.

(8) Bioenergy can create employment opportunities and establish domestic demand markets. Brazil's experience shows that one job in the petrochemical industry can create 152 jobs in the ethanol industry; the investment in generating one job in the petrochemical industry is US $ 220,000, and the fuel industry is only US $ 11,000. According to the "Green Jobs" report issued by the United Nations Environment Programme, "the renewable energy industry will create 20.4 million jobs by 2030, of which 12 million will be biofuels." ^[1]

According to the chemical properties of raw materials, bioenergy can be divided into: sugars, starch and lignocellulose. According to the source of raw materials, it can be divided into: agricultural production wastes, mainly crop straws, fuelwood and firewood, agricultural and forestry processing wastes, wood chips, chaff and husks; human and animal manure and living organic matter; industrial organic waste, organic wastewater And waste residues; energy plants, including all crop, forest and aquatic plant resources available for energy use. Bioenergy itself can be divided into the following categories:

1. Agricultural and forestry waste includes agricultural waste and forestry waste

Agricultural waste refers to the residues produced in the field when crops are harvested. Grains, rhizome crops, and sugarcane residues can be used. Forestry waste refers to waste generated when the wood processing department manufactures various primary wood products from raw materials, and waste generated when the wood utilization department uses primary products as raw materials to form secondary products such as buildings.

2. Organic sewage

Organic sewage refers to the discharge of rich organic matter, including industrial sewage, agricultural sewage and domestic sewage. Due to its outstanding characteristics of cleanliness, high efficiency, and renewables, hydrogen is increasingly valued as an energy source. Methods for preparing hydrogen include: water electrolysis, thermochemical, photoelectrochemical, plasma chemical, and biological hydrogen production. From the perspective of the cost of biological hydrogen production, the cost of using these single substrates to produce hydrogen is relatively high, and the use of inexpensive and complicated substrates such as industrial and agricultural organic wastewater to produce hydrogen can enable the waste material to be treated as resources and reduce its production cost. Hydrogen production technology using mixed strains has gradually matured and achieved great results.

3 Poultry manure

Poultry manure is also an important source of biomass energy. Except for a small amount of direct combustion in pastoral areas, poultry manure is mainly used as a raw material for fermentation of biogas. The main poultry and livestock in China are chickens, pigs, and cattle. Based on these breeds, weight, and excretion of manure, the amount of manure resources can be estimated.

4 Domestic waste

With the expansion of the city scale and the acceleration of the urbanization process, the amount of urban garbage generation and accumulation in China has increased year by year. Urban household waste is mainly a mixture of residential, commercial, service, and a small amount of construction waste. The composition is relatively complex. Its composition is mainly affected by residents' living standards, energy structure, urban construction, green area and seasonal changes. ^[1]

At the same time as the boom in the development of bioenergy, some factors restricting the development of bioenergy also appear, mainly as follows:

(1) Fighting for land with food and feeding with livestock, especially the development of biofuels based on food, have been questioned or resisted by some developing countries.

(2) There is a lack of technology and production standards, and there is a certain conflict with the existing traditional energy production and sales system.

(3) Cost price disadvantage.

(4) Early support and supporting issues of laws and policies.

Therefore, for the future development trend of bioenergy, it is not only necessary to return to rationality, calmly view and analyze the current development boom of bioenergy, but also need to adopt appropriate policies and regional division of labor to cooperate from empirical to normative. ^[2]