What Is Bleomycin?

The complex of bleomycin and iron is embedded in DNA, causing DNA single- and double-strand breaks. Does not cause RNA strand breaks. The first step of the action is that the dithiazole ring of this product is embedded between the GC base pairs of DNA, and the positive charge of the terminal tripeptide amino acid and the DNA phosphate group interact to make it melt. The second step of the action is that the complex of this product with iron leads to the generation of superoxide or hydroxyl radicals, causing DNA strand breaks. Oral ineffective, need intramuscular or intravenous injection.

Basic Information

Chinese name

Bleomycin

Foreign name

Bleomycin, Bleocin, BLM

Drug alias

Bleomycin bleomycin bleomycin sulfate

Molecular formula

C55H84N17O21S3

Bleomycin indication

It is used for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, esophagus, skin, cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, Hodgkin's disease, malignant lymphoma, testicular cancer, etc. It can also be used to treat psoriasis.

Clinical application of bleomycin

Intramuscular or subcutaneous injection

Use water for injection or normal saline not exceeding 5ml, dissolve 15-30mg (potency) of bleomycin, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. For subcutaneous injection. Moderate injection at a concentration of 1 mg (potency) / ml or less. Intra-arterial injection: After dissolving 5 to 15 mg of the drug, directly inject it slowly.

2. Intravenous injection

Use 5 to 20 ml of a solution suitable for intravenous injection, dissolve 15 to 30 mg (potency) of the drug, and slowly inject it intravenously. If you have a fever, you should reduce the single dose of the drug to 5mg (titer) or less, and you can increase the number of times. If 1 time / day.

3. Treatment of cancerous pleurisy

Take 60mg (potency) of bleomycin, dissolve it, slowly inject it into the chest cavity, and leave it for 4-6 hours, then remove the residual effusion, which can usually be relieved once. The frequency of injections is generally twice a week, and can be adjusted according to the condition, once a day to once a week. The total amount used is for the disappearance of the tumor, and the total amount is generally 300-400 mg (potency). Even after the tumor has disappeared, sometimes additional treatment should be appropriate, such as once a week, 15 mg (titer) intravenously once a total of ten times.

Bleomycin adverse reactions

Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, skin reactions, drug fever, loss of appetite, hair loss, pigmentation, discoloration of nails, erythema, induration, swelling, and peeling of the hands and feet. Symptoms of pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis include dyspnea, cough, snoring, and interstitial edema.

Bleomycin precautions

During the treatment, pay attention to check the lungs, if there is pneumonia-like allergies, stop the drug.

Contraindications to bleomycin

Patients with severe lung disease and severe diffuse pulmonary fibrosis; persons with a history of allergies to this class of drugs; patients with severe renal dysfunction; severe heart disease; those receiving radiation therapy on the chest and surroundings; pregnant and lactating women are prohibited.

Bleomycin Drug Interactions

Patients with increased oxygen intake, for example, as part of a general anesthesia procedure, have an increased risk of lung toxicity with this product, and it is recommended to reduce the oxygen concentration. Increased lung toxicity has been reported in patients given this product and cisplatin.

Note: The above content is only for introduction, the drug use must be carried out by a regular hospital under the guidance of a doctor.