What Is Bone Wax?

Bone wax is a blend of 70% beeswax and 30% vaseline. The product is white or light yellow, has good softening properties, can be shaped after rubbing with hands to become soft, non-toxic.

Chinese name: Bone wax

Management category: Class III medical devices
Category Name: Implant equipment

How bone bone wax works

A material that physically blocks blood leakage in the capillaries of the bone marrow. It can be used to stop bleeding during bone leakage in various emergency patients.

Indications for bone wax

Bone wax products have a wide range of applications, and can be used to stop bleeding when bones are broken at different ages, in different parts, and for different reasons. Close bleeding pathways between bones to control bone injury bleeding.

Contraindications to bone wax

Cannot be used in infected areas.

Preparation of bone wax

Formula: 87 grams of beeswax, 12 grams of almond oil or peanut oil, 1 grams of vinegar (aspirin). Method: Scrap the surface of the beeswax with a razor, then wipe it again with 75% ethanol, accurately weigh 87 grams; add 12 grams of peanut oil or almond oil, put it in a container, adjust to 120 ° C in an oven, and sterilize 3 hours, take out and add the fine powder of vinegar salicylic acid while mixing, cut into small cubes while hot, put into a small medicine cup, autoclave and set aside.

How to use bone wax

When using, rinse the bleeding site with 75% ethanol and physiological saline, soften it by heating, and apply it to the bleeding site on the bone.

Benefits of bone wax bone wax

Soft, easy to use, easy to operate, double-layer aseptic packaging.

Bone Wax Bone Wax Quality Control

Traits. Bone wax is a tan soft solid with a bad smell.

2. Identification. Take a small amount of bone wax, add ether and stir to dissolve, add a little water, add 1 drop of ferric chloride test solution, and the water layer is purple.

3. Quality requirements. Sterility check: It must meet the requirements of Chinese hospital preparations. The period of use after sterilization of surgical instruments is performed, and the sterilization and disinfection can be repeated during the validity period of the preparation.

Bone wax bone wax storage

Store in a sealed glass bottle or iron box under sterile conditions.

Composition of traditional bone wax and its limitations for hemostasis of bone wounds

The main component of bone wax is beeswax, which is poorly biocompatible and difficult to be degraded and absorbed by the body. It will remain in the body as a foreign body for a long time after application. It also hinders the repair of the bone surface, and the local pain and exudation caused by the formation of foreign body granulomas are also more common clinically. Bone wax is not a very ideal hemostatic agent for cancellous bone wounds needed clinically. Scholars at home and abroad have improved the manufacturing process of bone wax, but because the main component of bone wax is beeswax, beeswax is a fatty substance secreted by the beeswax gland of about two weeks of age. Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, soluble in carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, benzene, ether, etc. Beeswax has a wide range of uses in industrial production, cosmetics manufacturing, pharmaceutical industry and animal husbandry. Although it can be improved from the aspects of formulation and manufacturing process to reduce the incidence of side effects, due to the limitation of the preparation material itself, the above disadvantages are difficult to solve fundamentally.

Bone wax can absorb bone wax

Resorbable bone wax is a combination of PluronicF88 and Pluronic85. Pluronic is a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer. This is a new type of polymer non-ionic surfactant. This kind of substance was first developed by the United States. It is almost non-toxic and easily soluble in water or ethanol. Widely used as emulsifier, solubilizer, ointment and medicinal auxiliary. Absorbable bone wax is a kind of biopolymer material composed of three elements: C, H, and O. Theoretically, it is a material that can be degraded and absorbed. The degradation products are CO ₂ and H ₂ O. Any toxic side effects, and CO ₂ and H ₂ O are the end products of metabolism in humans and animals.

Application of bone wax

1. The application of bone wax in the use of medical screwdrivers. At present, most common internal hexagonal screwdrivers are used. When transferring and screwing bone screws, you must hold the screws with your hands. A little care may cause the screws to fall to the operating table or the floor, which will affect the surgical process. Bone wax commonly used in surgery can be used as the adhesive. Method: Knead the bone wax into small balls for later use. When using the screwdriver, apply a little kneaded bone wax to the nail end (do not overdo it), and then transfer the screw. Advantages: Many surgical operations use bone wax itself, so it is easy to obtain materials and easy to operate. Bone wax has a certain viscosity and is used in a small amount, which avoids repeating the nail holding step and shortens the operation time. Suitable for screwdrivers without a nail holder.

2. The application of bone wax in skull silk fixation. In brain surgery, when the skull is closed, 4 small holes are drilled in the skull, and the filaments suspended from the dura mater are used to fix the skull through the holes in the skull. Because the thread is thin, it is difficult to pass through the small holes in the skull, and it often requires repeated operations to pass through, which prolongs the operation time. To this end, the remaining sterile bone wax on the operating table can be applied to the surface of the silk thread to harden the silk thread coated with bone wax, that is, it can smoothly pass through the small holes in the skull. How to use: Pinch the remaining bone wax on the operating table into the size of a pea, and apply it from the end of the silk thread (that is, the end sewn to the dura mater) to the top of the silk thread for re-fixation of the skull flap. With the application of bone wax, the silk thread will be hardened, so that the silk thread will pass abnormally smoothly when passing through the small hole in the skull, and the penetration rate will be significantly improved. Advantages: convenient material extraction and simple operation; saving operation time; sterile bone wax is absorbable material and will not cause damage to the skull.

3. Application of bone wax in vascular suture needles. Surgical needles are slightly negligent during surgery, which can easily cause accidents. Fine-vascular needles can be managed with the "bone wax paste method". The details are as follows: Before the operation, the bone wax is squeezed into a circular strip of about 0.5cm width. Every time a pack of vascular suture is opened, soy-sized bone wax is adhered to the blank depression on the right side of each thread plate. Gently squeeze. Each time the sutured blood vessel needle received from the surgeon is directly pressed back to the bone wax of its own thread plate. Directly counting the line plate after surgery can quickly check the blood vessel stitches on the bone wax.

Bone wax extended reading

[1] Wan Fuyin, Guo Wanshou, Zhang Qidong, Cheng Liming. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of hemostatic effect of bone wax in total knee arthroplasty [J] .Chinese Journal of Orthopedic Surgery, 2015,23 (17): 1576 -1580.

[2] Guo Tao, Dang Dasheng, Song Hongtao, Ma Hongsheng, Mu Ping, Cai Chaohong, Liu Tao, Gao Shengchuan. Evaluation of the biocompatibility of medical sterile bone wax and the curative effect of hemostasis of bone wounds [J] .China Pharmacy, 2005 ( 01): 24-26.

[3] Pang Lin. Improved prescription of bone wax [J]. China Modern Applied Pharmacy, 2000, 17 (S1): 102.

Bone wax references

[1] Shen Guozhen, Huali Rong. Application and preparation of bone wax [J]. Henan Barefoot Doctor, 1980 (02): 31.

[2] Li Boliang, Su Yankun, Zhou Jiaming. The prescription improvement, preparation and clinical use observation of bone wax [J]. Straits Pharmaceuticals, 2004 (05): 40.

[3] Hong Jiayuan, Kang Liangqi, Ding Zhenqi, Zhang Shaofeng, Lian Kejian. Animal Experimental Study on Biosafety of Absorbable Bone Wax [J]. Bio Orthopaedic Materials and Clinical Research, 2013, 10 (03): 1 -5 + 65.

[4] Hu Lingying. Application of bone wax in the use of medical screwdrivers [J]. Qilu Nursing Journal, 2011, 17 (29): 6.

[5] Mao Xiuli, Zeng Jun. Skillful use of bone wax in skull silk fixation [J]. Journal of Nurses Training, 2010, 25 (23): 2209.

[6] Zhang Nian, Yang Li. Bone wax is used to manage vascular suture needles during operation [J]. Modern Clinical Nursing, 2008 (06): 69.