What Is Equisetum Hyemale?

Small and medium plants. Rhizomes erect, traverse or oblique, black-brown, nodes and roots sparsely yellow-brown long hairs or smooth glabrous. Ground branches perennial. Branch type, 20-60 cm in height, 1-3 mm in diameter in the middle, 2-6 cm in internode length, green, the main branch mostly in the lower part of the branch, often forming clusters; the vernal branches of the young branches are obvious or not obvious The main branch has 5-14 ridges, the back of the ridge is arcuate, with a row of nodules or light-colored small horizontal stripes; the sheath tube is 1 cm narrow, the lower part is gray-green, the upper part is gray-brown; the sheath teeth are 5-12 Triangular, off-white, dark brown, or light brown, with membranous edges (sometimes upper), flat or curved base, early fall or persistence, and prominent or inconspicuous stomata on teeth. The lateral branches are stiff, cylindrical, with 5-8 ridges, smooth or with a row of nodules or light small horizontal stripes; 5-8 sheath teeth, lanceolate, leathery but marginal membranous, upper brown , Stay. The bursal ears are short rod-shaped or oval-shaped, 0.5-2.5 cm long, 0.4-0.7 cm in diameter in the middle, with small spikes at the apex, sessile.

Small or medium-sized ferns, native, wet or shallow aquatic. Rhizomes are long and horizontal, black, branched, noded, rooting at nodes, tomentose. The branches above the ground are upright, cylindrical, green, knotted, hollow and cavity. The epidermis often has siliceous nodules, solitary or verticillate branches on nodes; there are longitudinal ridges and grooves between nodes. Leaf scales, whorled, confluent into a tube at each node

Asked by Subgen. Subset. Equisetum
Subgenus Subgen. Hippochaete (Milde) Baker ^[2]

E. hyemale

Large plants. Rhizomes are lateral or erect, dark brown, nodes and roots with yellow-brown hairs. Ground branches perennial. Stick type. Up to 1 meter or more, middle (3) 5-9 mm in diameter, internodes 5-8 cm long, green, unbranched or with few upright side branches at base. Above ground branches have 16-22 ridges, the back of the ridge is curved or nearly square, no obvious nodules or 2 rows of nodules; sheath tube 0.7-1.0 cm, black brown or one circle at the top and one at the base or only one at the top Black-brown; sheath teeth 16-22, lanceolate, small, 0.3-0.4 cm long. The apex is light brown, membranous, awn-like, early-falling, and the lower part is black-brown, thin-leathery. The back of the base has 3-4 longitudinal edges, which persist or fall early with the sheath tube. The sporangia are ovate, 1.0-1.5 cm long, 0.5-0.7 cm in diameter, with small spikes at the apex, sessile. ^[3]