What Is the Best Way to Treat Severe Dry Eyes?

Methods of correcting vision refer to several methods of correcting the vision of the eye, which are classified as myopia treatment and hyperopia treatment, and specifically include eye exercises and the like.

Methods of correcting vision

1. Gaze into the distance:
Find a grass or green tree 10 meters away: The green color has a shorter wavelength, and it is imaged in front of the retina, which promotes eye relaxation and eyelash relaxation.

I. Choose a quiet place in the blink of an eye, or sit or stand, relax your body, clear your mind, open your eyes, keep your head and neck still, and roll your eyes alone. First stare directly below the stare, slowly turn to the left, then directly above the stare, to the right, and finally back to just below the stare. In this way, first turn 9 turns clockwise. Then let the eyes stare from below, to the right, to the top, to the left, and back to the bottom. Then, turn 6 turns counterclockwise. Do it 4 times in total. With each turn, the eyeball should reach the limit as much as possible. This eye-turning method can exercise the eye muscles, improve nutrition, and make the eyes flexible and refreshing.
Second, choose a place where the air is fresh and breathe, or sit or stand, relax your whole body, look at the front with your two eyes, and slowly inhale the air. Then your eyes widen, stop for a moment, then exhale the air slowly, and the eyes will follow. Slightly closed, doing 9 consecutive times.
Third, ironing method This method is best to sit and relax, close your eyes, and then rub your two palms quickly to make them hot, cover your eyes with both hands while the heat is hot, and then take away your hands suddenly. At the same time, open hard, such as 3 to 5 times, can promote blood circulation of the eyes and increase metabolism.
Fourth, the eye wash method first disinfect the washbasin, pour warm water, adjust the water temperature, put the face in the water, open the eyes in the water, make the eyeballs move up, down, left and right 9 times, and then rotate clockwise, counterclockwise 9 Times. At first, the water got into the eyes, and the eyes were very uncomfortable, but with the rotation of the eyeballs, the eyes would slowly feel very comfortable. When doing this, if you feel

www.sina.com.cn December 02, 2004 13:09 Sina parenting netizen Persian sugar: TV can watch, computer can watch, as long as it is controlled within a reasonable time. I feel that reading books is more expensive than watching TV and computers. So, the most important thing is to use eye hygiene, pay attention to posture, pay attention to lights, and so on. If you feel that there is a tendency for myopia, you may wish to let your child play table tennis for a month, and recently read the data to say that it has a preventive effect on myopia.
Netizen peter mother: Persistence in making your child practice 20 eye movements every day can improve myopia. His child's vision was originally 0.8, but now it returns to 1.2 after doing a few months. It is also said that this exercise can prevent myopia and is more effective than eye exercises. Let's try it for kids. Yesterday

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method:

5 minutes before the operation, the eye drops were anesthetized twice, and the eyelid was opened to expose the eye. Using a microkeratome, a pedicled corneal flap with a diameter greater than 7.2 mm and a thickness of 130-160 mm was cut at the center of the nose. The corneal stroma was opened to expose the corneal stroma, excimer laser cutting was performed, and the corneal bed and corneal stroma surface were rinsed with Ringer's solution after surgery. The corneal flap was restored.
Preoperative precautions:

1. Do not wear hard contact lenses within 3 weeks before surgery, and do not wear soft contact lenses within 2 weeks before surgery.
2. Please use antibiotic eye drops (such as chloramphenicol eye drops, gentamicin eye drops, or telibitol eye drops) as prescribed by your doctor within 3 days before the operation. Do not use other drugs without your doctor's permission.
3. The correct drop of eye drops after surgery is very important for vision recovery and stability, so I hope to get your attention. Please practice the correct eye drop method 3 days before surgery:
Wash your hands, take a supine or seated position, lift your head back, open your eyes and gently fix the lower eyelid on the lower edge of the orbit with one index finger (do not compress the eyeball). Just drop 1-2 drops of eye drops into the lower fornix, release the lower eyelid, and close your eyes for 2 minutes. note:
(1) When dropping eye drops, do not drop the liquid directly on the cornea. Do not close the eyes with force to prevent the liquid from overflowing, and do not let the bottle mouth touch the eyelids, eyelashes or other objects to avoid contamination.
(2) If the doctor instructs to use two or more eye drops, different eye drops should be dripped alternately, every 10 minutes, and the eye drops should be shaken before each use.
4. Do not use any cosmetics or perfume within three days before the operation.
5. Eating digestible food properly before surgery. Do not eat on an empty stomach or excessively.
6. When you come to the surgery, please prepare the surgery fee, review fee and round-trip fare, and pay attention to safety. Please bring your ID card or related documents with you to check your name during the operation to avoid mistakes.
7. Please wash your hair, bathe and cut your nails one day before the operation, and do good personal hygiene.
8. If you have a cold or have any special discomfort before surgery, please inform your doctor so that we can deal with it as appropriate. Female friends, please try to avoid surgery during menstruation.
9. Please arrange a relative or friend to accompany you to the operation and escort you home after the operation. Do not bring children with you.
10. In order to get a good recovery of the eyes after surgery, it is not advisable to perform surgery during busy work. Please agree with the doctor on the date of the operation according to the specific situation of your work and life. Please come to the pre-scheduled surgery time for pre-operative preparation and surgery on time. If there is a special reason to change the operation time, please call in advance so that we can make corresponding adjustments.
11. We will prepare all the medicines, supplies and written medical orders required for the recovery period after surgery. Please rest assured and hope that you will come to the surgery easily and happily before that. What inspections should be done before LASIK surgery?

In order to understand the eye condition, exclude the contraindications to surgery, and determine the refractive power that should be corrected during surgery, a detailed inspection is usually performed before the operation to understand the corneal thickness, diameter, curvature, diopter, eyeball axis length, and intraocular pressure, mainly including the following content:
Far and near vision (nude eye). Routine slit lamp microscopy to understand the condition of the cornea, anterior chamber, pupil, and lens. fundus examination: observe the optic papilla, retinal blood vessels, macular and retinal conditions. Combined with band photometry, computer optometry, and subjective optometry, you should also perform mydriasis optometry to make the refractive correction to the best state. Corneal topographic examination: can understand the curvature of the membrane, diopter, etc. to exclude the keratoconus. Measure of intraocular pressure, exclude low intraocular pressure and glaucoma. Ultrasound detects the length of the eye axis and the thickness of the cornea. Because the operation is mainly performed on the cornea, corneal thickness is one of the important data for surgery. Internal medicine excludes autoimmune diseases and connective tissue diseases.
After the inspection of the above steps, the first-hand information of the operation was obtained. After further eliminating the contraindications to the operation and understanding the possible conditions after the operation, you can sign the operation consent and proceed with the operation.
Preoperative checkup content When you decide to perform myopic laser surgery, you must do a comprehensive and systematic eye examination, including:
Vision inspection: Including naked eye vision and best corrected vision with glasses.
Refractive examination: including computer refraction, mydriatic refraction, and re-examination. The correctness of the optometry directly affects the effect of surgery.
Anterior segment and fundus examination: focus on checking the corneal transparency, whether there is a scar on the cornea, whether the lens is cloudy, and whether the fundus has vitreous opacity and fundus lesions.
IOP examination: To exclude the possibility of high intraocular pressure and glaucoma.
Corneal curvature test: exclude the possibility of keratoconus and flat cornea.
Corneal thickness measurement: For those with a central corneal thickness of less than 500, if the patient is highly myopic, the cutting depth of the corneal center should be noted, and the patient should be explained before the operation.
Corneal topographic examination: The main purpose is to understand the regularity and symmetry of the entire corneal surface, excluding various abnormal factors.
Wavefront aberration check: Check whether there are high-order aberrations that seriously affect visual quality in addition to low-order aberrations such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Collect high-order aberration data as the basis for diagnosis and surgery. High-order aberrations are removed during the operation.
After a basic examination, the doctor can tell you whether it is suitable for LASIK surgery.
Preoperative care

1 Patients choose to be 18 to 55 years old and have a refractive stability of more than 2 years; stop wearing contact lenses for at least 2 weeks; exclude other eye diseases and diseases related to the whole system, such as: autoimmune diseases, diabetes.
2.2 Check naked eyesight before surgery. Mydriatic optometry to determine diopter and prevent undercorrection and overcorrection; slit lamp and fundus examination to exclude high myopia combined with retinal detachment and fundus lesions; corneal topographic examination to exclude keratoconus; non-contact tonometer to measure intraocular pressure, Exclude pathological glaucoma.
2.3 Preoperative treatment 48 to 72 hours before surgery, drip antibiotic eye drops in the eyes, cut off eyelashes 15 minutes before surgery, rinse the conjunctival sac with 3% boric acid solution, perform eye fixation training during the flushing process, practice gaze, turn upwards and downwards, Then drop the surface anesthetic, instruct the eyeball to relax, and avoid squeezing the eyes hard to prevent accidents during the operation.
2.4 Psychological Nursing The majority of patients undergoing LASIK surgery are young and middle-aged, especially young people aged 18 to 20. Most of them undergo surgery to improve their vision for schooling, military service, and employment. Patients have high expectations and are worried and afraid, so they are proactive and patient. Explain to the patient so that the patient has a correct understanding of the operation.
Explain to the patient the noise and scorch smell generated during the corneal cutting during operation, so that the patient knows the best. During the operation, the head is fixed and the eyeballs are fixed. Do not close your eyes and look at the indicator light, so as not to affect the position and accuracy of the cutting and cause off-center or irregular astigmatism.
3 Postoperative care (1) Rest in bed after surgery, close your eyes lightly, avoid squeezing and bumping, wear a hard eye mask before going to bed, and avoid strenuous exercise for 1 week. There was 1 case in this group. The rigid eye mask band was too loose, the eye mask was shifted, the corneal flap was folded after rubbing, and it was reset on the second day after operation, which prolonged the healing process. This is important, and patients must be warned.
(2) Keep your head and face clean and hygienic. You must wash your hands before dropping the medicine. On the same day, tears of light appear. The feeling of foreign bodies is normal. Don't panic. Wipe your tears with a clean handkerchief. Antibiotic eye drops 4 times a day for 3 consecutive days. Patients are instructed to refrain from swimming and bathing in public baths for 3 months, to avoid entering the eyes with dirt and foreign bodies, and to wear dust-proof goggles when going out. After 3 to 5 days, if the eyes appear red and swollen, photophobia and tears, foreign body sensation, and secretions increase, they should go to the hospital for treatment. No infection occurred in this group.
(3) Postoperative medication: Flumeron eye drops 4 times a day for 2 weeks, 3 times a day for 3 to 4 weeks, 2 times a day for 5 to 6 weeks, and 1 time a day for 7 to 8 weeks. Do a good job of medication guidance, adjust medication in special circumstances. Instruct patients to take one drop at a time to avoid hormonal glaucoma caused by overdose. For patients with slightly higher intraocular pressure before surgery, care must be taken after surgery. Under the condition of not affecting vision, shorten the medication time and reduce the dosage. Once there is an increase in intraocular pressure and a significant decrease in vision, seek medical treatment in time and use the medicine early. Early treatment. In order to stabilize the effect of surgery, do not stop the medicine without authorization.
(4) Regular follow-up visits must be made on the second day after surgery. There is no special case for one-week follow-up, January, half a year, 1 year, 2 years. In case of special circumstances, seek medical treatment in a timely manner and deal with it in time to ensure the effect of the operation.
(5) Dietary guidance: Instruct patients to eat foods containing vitamin A to facilitate corneal nutrition, promote corneal wound healing, and repair of corneal epithelium. Avoid spicy and a lot of irritating foods such as seafood and tobacco and alcohol, so as not to increase the inflammation. Response to prolong the healing process.
Precautions before LASIK surgery In the past few years, from the advent of RK to EXCIMER and LASIK, the interest and betting effort of ophthalmologists in refractive surgery has grown explosively both in quality and quantity. Compared with PRK surgery, the biggest advantage of LASIK surgery is that it does not damage the basic structure of the corneal epithelium. The disadvantage is that the surgical technique requires a period of learning, and the complications caused by corneal flap cutting are about 3%. , It is easy to cause psychological retreat. The following provides some insights to discuss the choice of patients before surgery:
I. Screening of patients and consultation of surgery The consultation before surgery is actually very similar in various refractive surgery. It is necessary to allow patients to fully measure the convenience and harm that surgery will bring. It can be done through brochures, webpage talks, or videotapes. Ways to shorten consultation time. The patient's age, occupation, and vision requirements are important considerations, and it should be avoided to cause excessive expectations of the patient. As for the consultation process, authoritative or relaxed talk methods are not common.
Frequently asked questions by patients include the success rate of surgery, whether the degree has been returned or reverted, whether glasses can be discontinued after surgery, whether vision can reach 1.0, how long can I get into work, when can I drive at night, etc. Film preparation and discussion with patients in detail, so as to establish a good preoperative relationship between patients and physicians.
In addition, because LASIK surgery includes a series of steps, some potential risks, such as the suction ring can not catch the eyeball, the cutter can not complete the cutting and other complications. Although the incidence is very low, it may be worth discussing with some special patients to avoid surgery. In the midst of the disease, both the doctor and the patient are troubled. In the unlikely event that the flap is complicated, it is advisable to calmly reset the corneal flap and explain it. Do not increase the patient's fear by talking loudly before the operation is over. The above consultations should preferably be included in the consent form.
2. Preoperative examination (patient screening)
A complete pre-LASIK examination should include:
1. Orbital structure The structure of the eyelids, the size of the eyelids, and the eyeball itself are all factors that can make a good surgical field of vision. For patients with thicker fat layers, smaller eyelids, and deeper eyeballs, screws should be prepared. For eye supporters, for patients with extremely narrow fissures and extremely deep eyeballs, it should be noted that LETCANTHCTOMY or post-ball paralysis may be performed.
2. Corneal Radius (KERATOMETRY)
KERATOMETRY only measures the radian at the center of the corneal surface at three millimeters, so it has been replaced by other instruments in displaying the true shape of the cornea. However, the K value will still affect the thickness of the corneal flap and the cutting diameter. The radian is too flat (K48). It is very likely that a split corneal flap (FREE CAP) or corneal hole (BUTTON-HOLE) may be formed when using a corneal laminar knife.
3 VIDEOKERATOGRAPHY
The corneal topography before and after surgery plays the most important role in refractive surgery. With the help of a computer, the corneal surface can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, making irregular corneas unsuitable for refractive surgery, and greatly reducing the risk of surgery.
At present, the analysis of corneal topographic maps can be divided into two categories, one is placido disc technigue, such as EyeSys corneal analysis system; the other is elevation-based technigue, such as Orbscan corneal topographic system; the latter is projected by 40 fine-gap rays On the surface, the full corneal radian and the full corneal thickness can be analyzed simultaneously.
The application of corneal topography in the clinic can be said to be very valuable, especially as a screening for refractive surgery. The following three corneal disorders are not suitable for refractive surgery:
A. Recessive keratoconus (OCCULT KERATOCONUS)
Keratoconus is a condition in which the cornea is progressively thinned and protruded. It usually begins in adolescence, but clinical symptoms may be quite insignificant at an early stage, which we call (Forme fruste Keratoconus). If the following three cases are found in the Topography inspection, Keratoconus is highly suspected.
One of the two eyes of the same patient had a local diopter of more than 50D in the lower quadrant of the cornea.
The difference between the corresponding areas of the two eyes is more than 3D.
The lower half of the cornea is steeper than the central or upper half, and the difference is more than 3D. Once the above situation is found, it is best not to rush into surgery.
B. Corneal warpage syndrome (CORNEAL WARPAGE SYNDROME)
Patients undergoing refractive surgery usually have worn contact lenses (especially hard contact lenses), which can cause changes in the corneal curvature. Common corneal warping syndromes include irregular astigmatism, disappearance of radial symmetry, and normal cornea. An abnormality occurs in the declining pattern of the central steep perimeter. If there is any of the above abnormalities, wait for the graphics on Topography to stabilize before performing refractive surgery.
C. Pellucid Marginal Degeneration
Occasionally occurs in young people. It is a degenerative disease. Because the lower part of the cornea in the lower part of the cornea is thin and causes high astigmatism, the central arc of the cornea is flatter than the lower cornea.
4 The pupil size includes two values under dark room and general lighting. Assuming that the pupil diameter of a young person is larger than normal, it is better to report glare, refractive halo and difficulty driving at night. In such patients, unless there is a high degree of myopia, a large optical area laser can be designed to overcome it.
5. Optometry (automatic and manual optometry)
In most refractive surgery, the obvious optometry is used as the index, but it must be confirmed again by inserting the film, and the increase or decrease should be moderate. However, to avoid overcorrection, it is best to do mydriatic optometry (objective optometry), especially for patients under 40 years of age with high myopia, astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism. However, myopic power after objective optometry can only be used as a reference. Laser correction power Finally, the degree of insertion should still be used.
6. Vision tests, including near and far naked vision and best corrected vision, should be recorded in detail.
7. Slit lamp examination This section should include eye tissue examination, tear layer evaluation, and intraocular pressure measurement. Tear examination recommendations include at least Schrmer's Test and Tear Break-up Time. If the test results show extreme abnormalities, the possibility of collagenous diseases should be suspected. At this time, it is best to draw blood to determine. As for patients diagnosed with primary dry eye, it is best to inform the possibility of prolonged use of artificial tears before surgery.
8. Corneal thickness examination Ultrasonic corneal thickness examination is absolutely necessary for any corneal laminar surgery. For ultra-high myopia patients with a central corneal thickness of less than 500 microns (greater than -12D), special care must be taken when performing LASIK surgery. If the cutter can set the thickness of the corneal flap, the thinner corneal flap should be selected, and more The laser correction method of the optical area is used to reduce the depth of stromal layer cutting. Of course, it is best to measure the thickness of the stromal bed during the operation. If the multi-optical area method still cannot make the thickness of the stromal bed greater than 250 microns or the entire cornea after calculation, If the thickness is greater than 360 microns, surgery should be abandoned.
9. Fundus examination The fundus macular area and peripheral area of the fundus should be examined in detail. When omental holes and lattice changes are found, patients with high retinal detachment should be informed and preventive treatment should be performed before refractive surgery.
10 Potential eye (sharp eye) examination When a patient's eyes must be separated for a period of time, it is generally recommended to open the non-dominant eye first as a reference for the dominant eye operation. For patients with myopia who want to keep one eye after surgery, there are two ways to correct their sharp eyes; Normal eye examination can be performed quickly by Holo In Hand.
three. Setting of excimer operating room conditions Although the environmental conditions required by each excimer device are slightly different, the basic requirements include dust-free, independent air conditioning, constant temperature (15-25 ° C), and fixed humidity (20% -50%).