What is the fire?
Fire blight is a bacterial disease of trees and shrubs in the family of roses caused by Erwinia amylovora located in most of the world. It can be catastrophic diseases of plants and can cause the destruction of whole orchards of apples and pears. Pear diseases on trees are the most destructive fire. It also affects other plants such as Loquat and Raspberry. The name comes from the appearance of the disease in which the leaves and stems are faded and darkened, they look as if they were burned. Bacteria and its by -products accumulate in a part of the plant that transmits water and nutrients, causing this system to take place. The above parts of the plant then bother and die. The flowers get wet and turn black. The infection spreads into twigs that are cooked from the tip down. The infected leaves stick to the stem and the leaves and the stem brown. Bacteria can spread down into the main limbs and trunk and can kill the whole plant if it reaches the root. Plants that survive can play with the disease and then infect the surrounding plants in the spring.
Once the plants are infected, fire mold can form lesions that emit liquid containing bacteria. This exudate can spread to parts of the same plant or infect other plants. It is easily sprayed with rain drops or carried insects or birds. The tissue that is already injured is at high risk of infection. Also bees carry bacteria on other flowers. Fire blight is a highly contagious plant disease.
In plants that are already infected, 8-12 V (20-30 cm) under infected branches should be reduced and destroyed. There is clear delineaace between infected parts of the limb and those that are healthy. After each use, it is very important to disinfect all tools for gardening or cutting, so the infection does not spread to other limbs or plants. Standard recommendations is to use a solution of 70% of denatured alcohol, as bleach can damage the tools. AvailableCIs are partially resistant trees of apples and pears and should be used whenever possible.
In some areas, chemical control can be used. However, this may be difficult because many bacteria bacteria tribes have developed resistance to antibiotics. One can try to use streptomycin soon after open flowers. Three to four applications must be created during flowering. If there is no hail, avoid using streptomycin after the completion of flowers to minimize the chances of developing resistant bacteria.
Cultural practices can help minimize the susceptibility of plantatogen. Despite fertilization or too aggressive pruning, it can cause rapid growth of sensitive twigs. Both practices should be prevented.
Fire blight is one of the bacterial diseases that is rather a problem in wet hot weather. Bacteria multiply at temperatures for 63 ° C (17 ° C) much faster than those below 56 ° F (13 ° C). Initial flower infection is not usually probLým during cold strands. Commercial growers often use prediction models based on temperature and the amount of bacteria present to predict whether antibiotic application will be required during flowering. Several European countries have tried to eradicate this pathogen, but it continues to spread.