What is gender verification?
Gender verification is a procedure used in sport to ensure that people are qualified to participate in gender -limited events. The main objective of gender testing is to prevent men in camouflage as women in events that are open only to women, provided male athletes have an unfair advantage over women. This practice is controversial in some communities due to the risk of false positives, and some organizations lobbyed to ban or radically reform sex verification because it is discriminatory.
In the international sports community, gender verification has been used since the age of 60. Gender testing originally began in response to the concerns that the Soviet Union was entering male athletes as women, and the early verification of gender was rough: athletes were simply ordered to explore. Modern gender testing includes chromosomal testing, with the earliest chromosomal tests they simply look for two x chromosomes associated with biological women. ModeRNNI tests check the presence of y chromosome associated with men.
The primary problem with the verification of chromosomal sex is that it does not deal with the problem of people with disorders of sexual differentiation. As it turns out, there are a number of combinations of X and Y chromosome, such as XXY, XXYY or XXX. Individuals with abnormalities on sex chromosome are referred to as "intersexual". One famous Polish athlete, Ewa Klobukowska, had such an abnormality and was banned by competition, although doctors agreed that he had no unfair advantage. Critics of sex verification point out that she was basically unjustly discriminated against because of a health condition she didn't know anything before her unsuccessful gender test.
Due to the problem of intersexuality, it usually involves verifying gender -panels of people, including an endocrinologist, a gynecologist, a psychologist and an internal specialist in medicine. Athletes who failIn gender tests, this panel can be explored to determine whether they should be allowed to compete as women. In general, most sexual differentiation disorders do not provide any other benefits, and in some cases they actually cause health problems that the athlete must overcome in order to compete at international level, so athletes are often cleaned for competition after review. By the way, postoperative transsexual athletes can compete in events such as the Olympics if they have completed at least two years of hormonal treatment.
sex verification opponents believe that this problem can be solved easier during routine doping tests, where athletes must provide urine sample under supervision. Athletes with incorrect genitals would probably be easy to identify when they gave samples, while intersexual individuals would not be targeted.