What is Fovea Centralis?
Fovea Centralis, also commonly known as Fovea, is part of the retina of the eye with the highest focus. It has the highest concentration of conical photoreceptors, which are cells in the eye that perceive color, and this high level of cones is what allows so sharpened focus in this part of the eye. Fovea is also what allows color vision in humans, because color perception is the largest in this area. Foveal Vision, which is focused, aimed vision involved in management, sport and reading, is made possible by Fovea Centralis.
When focusing on the object, Fovea Centralis allows the focus area, which is about 1 inch (2.54 cm) in diameter at the distance of the arm. This area represents the range contained between the central 2 ° vision. As a result of this small scope of the focus, the eye must roam around larger objects to concentrate on them, which is the principle that is most visible in observing someone who reads. The view of this phenomenon arose from the paradigm Gency as a method of measuring the eye movement.
The average diameter of human fovea centralis is about 0.04 inches (1 mm), which is less than 1% of the total surface area of the retina. Despite this small size, Fovea centralis contributes to about 50% of the nerve fibers in the optical nerve and about 50% of the brain volume in the visual cortex. This high level of specificity is created by the structure of conical cells and ganglium cells of the retina or visual neurons in the area. Each ganglium retina cell depends on a single conical cell for visual information and each conical cell sends visual information up to three three ganglium retinal cells. This is much more specific compared to the rest of the retina, which means that the Fovea Centralis region allows a much higher level of visual detail than other retina.
This area is located in the macule, the central area of the retina that is yellow-toned and natural sunscreen for the retina as it absorbs high-energyethical blue and ultraviolet. However, the macula does not contain a direct blood supply, so Fovea centralis derives oxygen from a nearby area called Choroid. Under bright light conditions, Fovea cannot obtain enough oxygen and hypoxia or oxygen deprivation occurs.