What Is the Lateral Rectus?

The rectus lateralis is also called the external horizontal muscle and the abducens oculi muscle. That is, the striated muscles from the outer side of the total tendon ring and the lateral edge of the superior orbital fissure, attached to the sclera at 6.9 mm from the temporal limbus. The muscle length is about 46.0 mm, the tendon length is about 9 mm, the tendon width at the attachment is about 9.92 mm, and the muscle width is 9.2 mm. It is innervated by the abductor nerve, and it is the innervation point at 26 mm from the muscle stop. Because the direction of muscle travel is the same as the visual axis of the eyeball, when the external rectus muscle contracted in the first eye position, only the eyeball is turned outward, but when the line of sight exceeds or falls below the horizontal line, it can help the eyeball to turn up or down.

The rectus lateralis is also called the external horizontal muscle and the abducens oculi muscle. That is, the striated muscles from the outer side of the total tendon ring and the lateral edge of the superior orbital fissure, attached to the sclera at 6.9 mm from the temporal limbus. The muscle length is about 46.0 mm, the tendon length is about 9 mm, the tendon width at the attachment is about 9.92 mm, and the muscle width is 9.2 mm. It is innervated by the abductor nerve, and it is the innervation point at 26 mm from the muscle stop. Because the direction of muscle travel is the same as the visual axis of the eyeball, when the external rectus muscle contracted in the first eye position, only the eyeball is turned outward, but when the line of sight exceeds or falls below the horizontal line, it can help the eyeball to turn up or down.

Chinese name

Lateral rectus muscle

Foreign name

rectus lateralis

1

Temporally

2

Pulling the eye when contracting

External rectus muscle related diseases

Diaphragmatic lateral rectus paralysis

One of the common chronic complications of diabetes is neuropathy, of which peripheral neuropathy is as high as 60% -90%. Diabetes causes about 76.82% of ocular complications. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cataract are more common ^[1] , followed by Oculomotor nerve paralysis, abduction nerve paralysis. Often unilateral involvement, bilateral involvement is rare, it is generally believed that diabetic neuropathy is the result of a combination of factors such as glucose metabolism disorders, mainly due to microvascular disease and increased sorbitol metabolism resulting in increased sorbitol. The pathogenesis may be Polyneuritis caused by hyperglycemia and multiple factors, the other is the effect of bleeding or thrombus, which narrows the lumen of blood vessels, causing ischemia, hypoxia, abnormal energy transmission and metabolism of nerves, slowing nerve conduction speed, and even nerves. Vascular micro-infarction is the pathological basis for ophthalmoplegia, and the oculomotor and abductor nerves travel longer in the skull and are more likely to be damaged.

Traumatic rectus paralysis

Among the peripheral motor nerve injuries that dominate the extraocular muscles, the abductor nerve is the largest, accounting for about half of them. Traumatic unilateral rectus paralysis is more common clinically, but bilateral rectus paralysis is rare. The unilateral lateral rectus paralysis is mainly caused by the left eye. Anatomically, the abductor nucleus is located in the pontine, the bottom of the fourth ventricle, and is surrounded by the facial nerves, one on the left and the other, not crossing each other. The water pipes are adjacent. The abductor nerve has the longest path in the skull, so it also has the highest chance of injury, but the two sides do not cross each other. The pathogenesis of bilateral abductor nerve palsy may be: the violent trauma of the trauma causes the flow of fluid in the third ventricle, increases the pressure around the front end of the aqueduct of the brain, causes edema or plaque hemorrhage of bilateral abductor nucleus, and causes bilateral lateral straightness. Muscle palsy.

Cure standard: Cure: No diplopia in front, eye position is less than ± 5 °, eye movement: restricted outward rotation 5mm; improvement: no diplopia in front, eye position ± 5 ° ~ ± 10 °, limited outward rotation 6 ~ 8mm; Invalid: there is diplopia in front and the eye position is greater than ± 10 °, and the external rotation is still not over the center line.