What are the Components of Blood?

Component blood, as its name implies, is a component in the blood. At present, the most common component of blood donation is donation of platelets.

Constituent blood

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Component blood, as its name implies, is a component in the blood. At present, the most common component of blood donation is donation of platelets.

Chinese name

Constituent blood

Foreign name

blood component

Common Ingredients for Blood Donation

Donate platelets

Explanation

A component in the blood

Human blood is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Different from donating whole blood, component blood donation is that when the donor donates blood, the blood is passed through a strictly sterilized, single-use closed tube, which is separated and collected by a blood separator, and then the other Blood components are returned to the donor. Therefore, it takes longer to donate blood than to donate whole blood, and it usually takes 40-60 minutes for each unit of platelet donation.

1. What is the donation machine to collect blood?

Blood donation by a donor is a voluntary blood donation by healthy citizens who donate a certain component of blood through a blood separator. The donated component can be platelets, granulocytes or peripheral blood stem cells. At present, donated platelets are the most common in China.

2. Why is it necessary to promote blood collection?

A bag of platelets can recover patients who are dying frequently due to difficulty in hemostasis; a bag of machines can collect granulocyte components to alleviate patients with severe infections that cannot be controlled; a bag of machines collect peripheral blood stem cells can make patients incurable Patients with blood cancer reconstitute blood function. Organically-derived ingredients give clinicians more and more effective medical treatment. If the method of donating whole blood is still used, it will not be easy to achieve the above purpose. A component blood donor can provide a patient with a therapeutic amount of blood components, which is not only quick and easy, has good clinical results, but also greatly reduces the side effects caused by platelet transfusion.

3. What is the difference between donating component blood and donating whole blood, and how long does it take?

Donating blood components is basically the same as donating whole blood. A needle inserted from one arm through a single-use tube allows blood to flow into the cell separator to separate a certain component (such as platelets) and other blood components. Also lost to blood donors. The whole process takes about an hour and a half.

4. Do people who donate blood don't get nervous easily?

Collecting blood by machine is one of the most advanced methods of blood donation. At present, it has been widely accepted by unpaid blood donors in developed countries in the West. Many people take time out or use holidays to go to local blood centers. An important content to enrich your spare time.

5. Does the donation of component blood have any adverse effects on the body?

At present, the blood component most clinically required is platelets. Healthy people have abundant platelets, and donated platelets can recover to pre-collection levels within 48 hours, which is much shorter than the recovery time of donated red blood cells. So donors can donate every other month.

In the process of donating component blood, the blood of the donor is circulated and separated in a strictly sterilized pipe. Each blood donor uses a new set of materials each time, which will definitely not cause cross-contamination.

6. What kind of treatment can those who donate blood components for free?

The donation of component blood is the same as the donation of whole blood, which is a kind of voluntary dedication for the purpose of saving lives and helping wounds. According to the relevant regulations of the country, one donation of blood collected by machine is equivalent to 200 ml of whole blood, and enjoy the corresponding treatment.

7. What are the precautions for donating platelets?

Machine-derived component hematology requires specialized equipment and venues, so machine-derived blood donation is generally performed at a blood center or blood station with better conditions; it is generally collected only when clinical studies require it, so volunteers who donate component blood need to fill out " Registration Form for Volunteer Blood Donation ", waiting for the appointment notice of blood station.

Human blood is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Constituent blood donation uses advanced equipment to extract specified components (such as platelets) from the blood of the donor, and the rest of the components are returned to the donor. The blood components we collect can have great medical effects. Because human blood contains a large number of platelets and white blood cells, even if a small amount of blood components is donated, the human body function can quickly replenish the amount of blood components lost in just a few days.

Operation of blood separator

The blood cell separator is used to collect components, and the operation of the blood cell separator is fully automated. After the blood is processed in time, the required components (such as platelets and white blood cells) are separated from the whole blood, a blood bag is collected and other unwanted blood components are collected. It will be returned to the blood donor in time. The whole process is carefully monitored by nurses and doctors.

Component blood transfusion is a new blood transfusion technology developed in the past ten years with the advancement of medical science and medical technology. The emergence and development of component transfusion is a milestone in the progress of modern transfusion science. Component transfusion is significantly better than whole blood transfusion. In today's advanced countries in the world, whole blood is rarely used directly, but whole blood is used as a raw material for preparing various blood components. In China, the proportion of component blood transfusion has been used as an important standard for measuring the level of blood transfusion technology in a hospital. The ability to correctly use various blood components is one of the criteria for evaluating the medical skills of physicians. In addition, the proportion of component blood transfusion has also become a necessary condition for the evaluation of grade hospitals, so component blood transfusion has become the development direction of the world's blood transfusion business today.

Comparison of Component Transfusion and Whole Blood Transfusion

Compared with whole blood, component transfusion has the following advantages: (1) high purity and good curative effect. The blood is purified to obtain high-concentration, high-efficiency, low-volume, high-effect related components. For example, platelets are contained in 100,000 to 300,000 platelets per cubic millimeter of blood, and at least 3000ml of fresh blood must be input to reduce the bleeding caused by the ml platelet, so that the blood size can still be increased to the level required for 1L of blood. The transfusion of ingredients can condense the platelets in this 3000ml whole blood to 300-350m1 platelet concentrate, which can have a hemostatic effect. At the same time, other components in this 3000ml of whole blood can be used for other patients. (2) It is safe to use and has few side reactions. Constituent blood has a high concentration of effective components and few other components, so the possibility of allergic reactions and the like due to whole blood infusion can be reduced. (3) Good stability, easy to store and transport. (4) Comprehensive utilization saves blood. Improved the value of blood utilization.

Ingredient transfusion principle

(1) White blood cells and platelets: It is generally not necessary to transfuse under the condition of non-transfusion (such as infection and blood loss cannot be controlled). It is not advisable to use a small number of times, and a sufficient amount should be used to achieve the desired effect.

(2) For transfusion of acute blood loss in non-anemic patients:

Blood loss less than 30% of blood volume generally does not require blood transfusion, and only supplements colloid and crystal solution.

The blood loss reaches 30-50% of the blood volume, which is transfused into plasma blood or concentrated red blood cell ten crystals and colloidal solution.

Blood loss reaches 50-80% of blood volume

The blood loss reached more than 80% of blood volume: transfusion of whole albumin solution ten fresh frozen plasma ten platelet concentrated solution.

(3) For the transfusion of other patients, according to the patient's ability to recover the 6K fluid and the life span of the transfused components, the principle of mastering what is missing and supplementing what should not be transfused.