What Is a Quantum Wire?

Quantum wires describe the situation where carriers are confined in two dimensions, such as the z-axis and y-axis are confined to a small scale of d (the cross-sectional area of the line is d2), Free movement in x direction. This situation is similar to the movement of carriers in carbon nanotubes or silicon nanowires.

In condensed matter physics, quantum wires guide wires whose electrical properties are affected by quantum effects.

Quantum wires can be used to make transistors. Transistors are the basic building blocks of modern electronic circuits. The most critical issue for making a transistor is to ensure that the gate can effectively control the opening and closing of the conductive channel. According to Moore's Law, the size of transistors will be smaller and smaller, down to the nanometer level. This makes it increasingly difficult to maintain adequate control.

If the gate is fabricated on the periphery of a nanowire and a quantum wire is used as a conductive channel, such a transistor will have excellent conductive characteristics. [1]