What is an open well?
The open hole usually refers to the most basic type of well, a cylindrical shaft dug into the ground using hand tools, with an opening that is not covered with permanent closure. Open holes are almost always wells of water levels, which means they are made deep enough to achieve water levels, allowing ground water to fill the bottom of the well. This type of well normally has a diameter of at least 3 or 4 feet (0.9-1.2 m), so it is large enough for at least one person to stand in the well while constructed, and usually not deeper than 200 feet (60 m). Open holes are common in developing countries because they are cheap and easy to dig. However, they may pose health risks due to possible water contamination and because animals and children can fall into the well and die of injuries or drowning.
Many other types of holes require expensive boring or drilling as well as pump installation. OpenThe hole only requires manual tools and manual work and does not require technology to require a high level of technology for operation and maintenance. However, if the Earth is very hard or rocky, the construction of an open well can be difficult or impossible. Open wells also commonly approach shallow groundwater, which can be sensitive to contamination from various sources such as waste water, animal waste and contaminated drainage. The open hole is commonly lined with bricks, stones, concrete or tiles to prevent the shaft collapse and minimize the risk of contamination.
Water in open hole can be accessed by reducing the bucket on the rope or chain into the water. The open submersible pump can also be installed to get the water to the surface. There are different types of pumps, including wind -powered pumps, gas or electricity. Another alternative is lap pumps or hand pumps, especially in poor areas with several economic and technological sources.
Installation of cheap pumps, such as hand pumps or lap pumps, can increase the safety of the open well, allowing access to water without open shaft. This reduces the risk of water contamination and accidents. In many developing countries, there are other efforts to make more open wells. These efforts include recommendations and requirements that each open well covered with a cap or lid, or fenced or masonry to avoid farming animals, wild animals and children in a fall into the shaft.