What is an elementary carbon?

The carbon element is a non -metallic material that contains six electrons. Coal, a form of carbon, is used since prehistoric times. The name of the carbon comes from the Latin word carbo , which means coal. Carbon can be found in organic material such as plants and animals, and in inorganic materials such as minerals and ores. Elementary carbon refers to inorganic forms of carbon that can be found in crystalline and amorphous forms.

Crystalline forms have elementary carbon atoms arranged in a regular pattern, while carbon atoms in amorphous forms do not have regular formulas. Two crystalline forms of elemental carbon are diamonds and graphite. The diamond crystalline structure consists of every carbon atom that creates a covalent bond by sharing a pair of electrons with four other carbon atoms. Covalent ties are the strongest chemical ties to mankind. Diamonds are the hardest known substances and at least volatile with a melting point of 6,242 ° F (3, 550 ° C).

crystalline structure of graphite JE made of carbon atoms forming tight hexagonal bonds with other atoms in the same plane and a looser bond between atoms in different planes. The released binding between the planes causes graphite to be very soft and allows the use of graphite as lubricants. Unlike diamonds, graphite is a good electrical conductor.

Before 1955, all diamonds from natural deposits came. In 1955, laboratory testing showed that the use of high pressure and temperature on graphite in the presence of a catalyst could create synthetic diamonds. Synthetic diamonds are usually used for industrial purposes.

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amorphous carbon is formed when the carbon material contains is burned without sufficient oxygen to allow complete combustion. The resulting black carbon can be used to create a core of dry cells, inks, colors and is a critical element in the production of Rubber Propotruby. Black carbon is also a by -product ofForest fires and insufficient combustion of fuels in cars, manufacturing plants and electrical production based on coal. Diesel produces more black carbon during combustion than gasoline. Black carbon can cause health and environmental problems.

Fine particles that can cause health problems is an amorphous elemental carbon. Asthma and chronic bronchitis have been associated with black carbon and there is evidence that black carbon or soot can increase the risk of emphysema and lung cancer. Black carbon is also a factor in climate change. Given that black carbon remains in the atmosphere for weeks than a century that carbon dioxide does, reducing black carbon emissions is perceived as one of the fastest ways to reduce the effects of global climate change.