What is Heavy Water?

Deuterium oxide is a compound consisting of deuterium and oxygen. The molecular formula D ₂ O has a relative molecular mass of 20.0275, which is about 11% higher than the relative molecular mass of water (H ₂ O) 18.0153, so it is called heavy water. In natural water, the content of heavy water accounts for about 0.02%. Because the difference between deuterium and hydrogen is very small, heavy water is similar to ordinary water. The ion product constant of heavy water is 1.6 * 10 ^-15 .

1. Properties: colorless, odorless liquid, hygroscopic, can be miscible with HO.

2.

It is slightly harmful to water. Do not discharge materials into the surrounding environment without government permission. ^[1]

1,

1. Hydrophobic parameter calculation reference value (XlogP): -0.5

2.Number of hydrogen-bonded donors: 1

3.Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 1

4.Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

5.Number of tautomers: none

6. Topological molecular polar surface area 1

7.Number of heavy atoms: 1

8.Surface charge: 0

9.Complexity: 0

10.Number of isotope atoms: 2

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Uncertain number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1 ^[1]

Will not disintegrate if used and stored in accordance with specifications

Avoid contact with moisture / moisture

Aqueous solution with

1931 American HC

Heavy water is similar in appearance to ordinary water, but with a slightly higher density of 1.1079 g / cm3.

The main purpose of heavy water is to act as a "moderator" in nuclear reactors, reduce the neutron velocity, control the nuclear fission process, and also be a coolant. Heavy water and deuterium are valuable tracers in the study of chemical and physiological changes. For example, irrigating trees with dilute water can measure that water can run from ten to several tens of meters per hour in these plants. Determining the deuterium content in human urine after drinking a lot of dilute water, it is known that the average residence time of water molecules in the human body is 14 days. Using deuterium instead of ordinary hydrogen can study the digestion and metabolism of plants and animals. Thick or pure heavy water cannot sustain animal and plant life, and the lethal concentration of heavy water to general animals and plants is 60%.

The special value of heavy water is reflected in the application of atomic energy technology. To manufacture powerful nuclear weapons, heavy water is needed

Heavy water can be produced by a variety of methods. The original method was to use

About one third of the water on the planet is

Although heavy water is a valuable resource in cutting-edge technology, it is harmful to people. Humans cannot drink heavy water. Microorganisms and fish will die in a few hours in pure heavy water or water containing more than 80% of heavy water. In contrast, light water, such as snow water, which contains extremely little heavy water, can stimulate biological growth.

It is generally believed that heavy water is not a toxic substance, but some metabolism in the human body requires light water, so if you only drink heavy water, you will get sick. Because D in heavy water has one more neutron than H, D weighs twice as much as H, resulting in a certain change in its chemical properties and a large change in physical properties. The various bonds of D are stronger than H, and the transfer rate of heavier D will be much slower than H, which will cause the chemical reaction of D to slow down and interfere with the normal metabolism of the organism.

Experiments in mice have found that heavy water can inhibit mitosis in cells and cause deterioration of body tissues that require rapid metabolism. After the rats in the experiment drank only heavy water for several consecutive days, about half of their body fluids became heavy water; at this time, symptoms began to appear, and tissues that required rapid cell division, such as hair roots and gastric membranes, were the first to fail. The growth rate of fast-growing cancer cells also slowed down, but the slowdown was not enough to make heavy water a feasible treatment method. ^[2]