What Is Lattice Energy?
Lattice energy refers to the energy absorbed when an ionic crystal becomes a gaseous positive ion and a gaseous negative ion under standard conditions. It is a parameter that measures the stability of the crystal lattice. Factors that affect the size of the lattice energy include the ionic radius , the ionic charge, and the configuration of the electronic layer of the ions. The ions with a high charge and a small radius have a large lattice energy. [1]
- Lattice energy can also be said to destroy 1
- When expressed by chemical reaction formula, it is equivalent to
- There are two sources of lattice energy values:
- The first is the theoretical calculation. It is calculated based on the ion crystal model, and the following approximate formulas are derived by considering the attraction between any of the ions and surrounding ions with different numbers and the repulsion with other ions with the same number.
- Where N A is
- Ionic compounds have higher melting points and boiling points, which is related to the large lattice energy of their ionic crystals. Since U MgO > U NaF , the melting point of MgO (2800 ° C) is much higher than the melting point of NaF (988 ° C).
- The magnitude of the lattice energy determines the stability of the ionic crystal. It can be used to explain and predict many of the physical and ionic properties of the ionic crystal.
- The factors affecting the lattice energy are mainly
- Lattice energy can only be discussed when gaseous ions are combined into products.
- The lattice energy can always be positive.
- Due to the law of conservation of energy and the second law of thermodynamics, a larger lattice energy indicates that the ionic compound is more stable and the ionic bonds in the lattice are stronger. [2]