What Is Tangential Velocity?
The speed at which any point on an object makes a circular motion with respect to a fixed axis is called "linear velocity". Its general definition is the instantaneous speed of a mass point (or points on an object) when it is in a curved motion (including circular motion). Its direction is along the tangential direction of the motion track, so it is also called tangential velocity. It is a physical quantity that describes the speed and direction of particle motion in a curve. The instantaneous speed of each point on the object when making a curved movement, its direction is along the tangent direction of the orbit.
- Chinese name
- Line speed
- Foreign name
- linear velocity
- Definition
- Circular motion speed of any point on the fixed axis
- nickname
- Tangential velocity
- The speed at which any point on an object makes a circular motion with respect to a fixed axis is called "linear velocity". Its general definition is the instantaneous speed of a mass point (or points on an object) when it is in a curved motion (including circular motion). Its direction is along the tangential direction of the motion track, so it is also called tangential velocity. It is a physical quantity that describes the speed and direction of particle motion in a curve. The instantaneous speed of each point on the object when making a curved movement, its direction is along the tangent direction of the orbit.
Basic introduction of linear speed
- The speed of circular motion can be measured by the ratio of the arc length of the object to the time it takes. If the object moves from M to N, a point t passes the point A. In order to describe the speed of movement when passing near the point A, you can start from this moment and take a short time t. During this time, the object moves from A to B, and the arc length passed is L. The ratio L / t reflects the speed of the object's movement, which is called linear velocity, which is expressed by v, that is, v = L / t.
- Linear speed is also divided into average and instantaneous values. If the time interval taken is very small, then the instantaneous linear velocity is obtained.
- Note that when t is small enough, the arc AB becomes almost a straight line, and the length of the AB arc is almost the same as the length of the AB line segment. At this time, l is the displacement of the object from A to B. Therefore, v here is actually the instantaneous velocity in linear motion, but it is now used to describe circular motion.
- The linear velocity is a vector with size and direction. For a circular motion object, its linear velocity direction changes at all times and always points to the tangent direction of the point.
Linear speed related formula
- In a uniform circular motion, the magnitude of the linear velocity is equal to the value of the arc length (S) through which the moving particle passes and the time ( t) it takes to pass through this arc length. That is, v = S / t, and also v = 2r / T. Although the magnitude of the linear velocity does not change in a uniform circular motion, its direction is constantly changing. Its relationship with angular velocity is v = * r
- v = r = 2rf = 2nr = 2r / T
- When the moving mass is performing a circular motion while also performing another translation, such as a certain point on a car wheel, the linear velocity of the mass at this time is the linear velocity of the circular motion (w * r) and the translational motion. Sum of vectors of speed (v '): v = w * r + v'
- v = l / t