What Is the Third Law of Thermodynamics?

The third law of thermodynamics is one of the four basic laws of thermodynamics, which describes that the entropy of a thermodynamic system tends to a constant value when the temperature approaches absolute zero. For complete crystals, this value is zero. Because this law was formulated after Walter Nernst's induction, it is often called Nern's theorem or Nernst hypothesis . In 1923, Gilbert Louis and Mel Randall re-presented another formulation of this law. ^[1]

For chemists,

Is there a limit to lowering the temperature? In 1702, French physicist Armonton already mentioned "

In statistical physics, the third law of thermodynamics reflects the quantization of microscopic motion. In a practical sense, the third law does not warn people as clearly as the first and second laws about giving up the intention to create the first and second perpetual motion. It encourages people to find ways to get as close to absolute zero as possible. Modern science can be achieved using adiabatic demagnetization methods

, But never reach 0K.

According to the third law of thermodynamics, there is only one state of the ground state. In other words, the third law determines that there is no degeneration of the ground state in nature.