Which material has the lowest freezing point?

The lowest frost material is helium. In typical pressures it does not freeze at all, even at temperatures approaching absolute zero. The reasons why they are dictated by quantum mechanics: the energy of the Helia zero point is too great to allow freezing. The energy of the zero point is the minimum energy that the particle or system always has, no matter. Helium is the only substance that does not have a freezing point under the surrounding pressure, regardless of temperature.

The multi -point for Helium exists only under at least 25 atmospheres of pressure and temperature of 1.15 K. These conditions were created in the laboratory through evaporation cooling. The result is a colorless, highly compressible solid, which is virtually invisible. The solid helium is so difficult to see that polystyrene layers are used to find out where it is. The density of the solid helium itself is only 66 times larger than the air. For comparison, water is 1000 times thicker than Air.

Helium was first liquefied in 1908 of the Dutch FyZikem Heike onnes, who cooled him at 1 degree of Kelvin. Much to his surprise, further cooling did not cause it to achieve its freezing point. Only 18 years later, in 1926, his student Willi Keesom was able to solidify helium by cooling in a pressure chamber. Today, the liquefaction of helium is a vital step in its extraction from the ground and its storage.

liquid helium is often used as a cryogenic cooling agent when liquid nitrogen is not enough. It must be maintained under continuous high pressure and low temperature, otherwise it quickly expands and passes to gas. Solid helium has no practical applications outside scientific research.

Some of the most unusual properties of Helia can be close to absolute zero at temperatures. At such temperatures, Helium behaves like a superfluid, Meato flows with zero measurable viscosity. It also tends to crawl on the walls of the container in which they are holding themn.