How Do I Choose the Best Studio Microphone?

A recording studio is also called a recording studio. It is a special recording place built by people in order to create specific recording environment acoustic conditions. It is a recording place for recording movies, songs, music, etc. The acoustic characteristics of the recording studio are important for the quality of recording production and its products. Plays a very important role. People can classify them according to their needs. For example, they can be divided into natural reverberation recording studios, strong sound absorption (short reverberation) recording studios, and active-silent-end (LEDE) recording studios according to the basic characteristics of the sound field. It can also be divided into dialogue recording studios, music recording studios, audio recording studios, mixed recording studios, etc. from the perspective of use.

Recording studio

A recording studio is also called a recording studio. It is a special recording place built by people in order to create specific recording environment acoustic conditions. It is a recording place for recording movies, songs, music, etc. The acoustic characteristics of the recording studio are important for the quality of recording production and its products. Plays a very important role. People can classify them according to their needs. For example, they can be divided into natural reverberation recording studios, strong sound absorption (short reverberation) recording studios, and active-silent-end (LEDE) recording studios according to the basic characteristics of the sound field. It can also be divided into dialogue recording studios, music recording studios, audio recording studios, mixed recording studios, etc. from the perspective of use.

Chinese name

Recording studio

Alias

Studio

Brief introduction

Dedicated recording location

Main needs

Computer, professional sound card, mixer, etc.

Condenser microphone

Microphone amplifier vocal effects

Earphone

Headphone splitter microphone blowout hood microphone stand

Intercom

I. Design basis, standards and construction specifications:

1. The standard for sound insulation doors and windows of recording studios adopts the "Ministry Standards of Ministry of Radio, Film and Television GYJ26-86";

Studio decoration (5 photos)

2. The recording studio noise control standard adopts the "National Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Standard GYJ42-89" Radio and Television Center Technology House Allowable Noise Standard ";

3. The recording studio reverberation time standard adopts "Recommended Standard GYJ26-86" Reverberation Time and Frequency Characteristics of Recording Studio "by the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television.

4. The fire protection standard of the recording studio adopts the "Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Standard GYJ33-88" Fire Protection Standards for Architectural Design of Radio and Television Engineering ";

5. Recording studio air-conditioning and lighting standards adopt the "Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Standard GYJ43-90" Environmental Requirements for Temperature and Humidity of Radio and Television Centers (Temperature, Humidity, Illumination) ";

6. The electrical installation standard of the recording studio adopts the "Standard Specification for Construction and Acceptance of Electrical Installation Engineering" GBJ232-82;

7. Recording studio pipeline wiring standard adopts "Building and Building Complex Integrated Wiring Engineering Construction and Specification" GB50312-2000;

8. Fire Code for Building Design (Revised) GBJ16-87;

9. Professional recording studio design process (Sicheng SC2010-19);

10. Saibin formula and SAIJIA building acoustic simulation software;

11. Site measured drawings.

Technical indicators of recording studio:

Acoustic design specifications require that the sound quality of the recording studio is mainly "clear language, high intelligibility, followed by good fullness". Under the main use conditions, it has the reverberation time and frequency characteristics corresponding to the pickup requirements, which suppresses the influence of pickup Acoustic defects in sound quality, such as echoes, flutter echoes, low-frequency hums, etc., are based on the above requirements; combined with the existing conditions of this recording studio, the general design indicators of the recording studio are:

The recording studio should use short reverberation, and select the appropriate reverberation time according to the volume of the room. The frequency characteristics of the reverberation time are required to be straight.

Acoustic technical indicators:

Room name	Reverberation time T60 (seconds)	Noise Evaluation Curve (NR)	Sound insulation of sound insulation door (Insertion loss dB)	Sound insulation window (Transmission loss dB)	Rapid Language Transfer Index (RASTI)
Recording studio	0.4 + 0.1S	NR-30	> 35	> 50	> 0.65

Third, the treatment of recording studio acoustic defects:

1. Noise control:

Noise generation:

Studio noise comes from many sources. Existing noise from outside the recording studio can be divided into two categories

Sound card compression (2 photos)

, One type comes from outside the recording studio building, such as traffic noise from passing vehicles, airplanes, etc .; the other comes from the building, but outside the recording studio, such as loud conversation, Noise; there are also internal noises from the recording studio mainly from air-conditioning systems, lighting control systems and recording studio work, camera movement noise and staff walking noise.

Noise propagation:

There are three main ways for noise to pass into the recording studio. One is that noise acts on walls, floors, and ceilings to generate vibration, radiating sound energy into the recording studio; Air sound is introduced into the recording studio; the third is through the solid connection of the wall, ceiling, or ground of the recording studio with the outside world to enter the recording studio through solid sound transmission.

Noise control:

The sound insulation problems of this recording studio are mainly the surrounding walls, windows and doors in and out.

For the sound insulation of the above problems, the following methods are mainly used:

Mainly lies in the use of multi-material composite sound insulation walls (multi-damped lightweight sound insulation walls) with different sound insulation and external window seals, which can basically isolate the impact of external noise on the recording studio.

Mixer (2 photos)

Doors that are to be accessed should be GB sound insulation doors made of composite materials.

Through the above-mentioned processing, the national standard requirements for spatial background noise of a standard recording studio can be basically met, and the pickup requirements of the pickup space can be met.

2. Control of reverberation time:

The reverberation time is after the sound grows and stabilizes in the room, the sound source suddenly stops sounding, and the sound will decay from the steady state in the room until it decays to one millionth of the original sound energy. "Reverberation time", that is, the time required for the sound to decay by 60dB. In the design of the pickup space, the appropriate reverberation time can make the music full, the language loud, full, and infectious. Too short reverberation time makes the sound dry and weak, too long reverberation time reduces speech intelligibility, and the sound quality lacks rhythm

Recording studio (2 photos)

Sensitivity and strength, so in different natures and requirements of space, you must choose a "best" reverberation time. The main treatment method is to effectively absorb the high, medium, and low "impurity" frequencies in the sound, remove the dross, and retain its essence. According to the characteristics of the studio space, as well as the good sensitivity of the existing equipment and the plasticity of the post sound.

When designing, it should be aimed at the absorption of high, middle and low frequency parts, adopting sound-absorbing structure with flame-resistant fabric transparent sound-absorbing structure and sound-absorbing structure with grooved wood perforated plate, which can effectively absorb sounds in different frequency bands. After the preliminary design is completed, the reverberation time can be calculated by using the corresponding Sabine formula, and then the SAIJIA acoustic simulation software developed by Sega Acoustics can be used for auxiliary design, calculation and adjustment.

Fourth, material selection instructions:

The acoustic design of the recording studio, the materials used must meet the requirements of international or domestic industries, and use environmentally friendly, flame-retardant materials. In view of the peculiarity of recording studios belonging to TV technology rooms, in order to ensure quality, especially to ensure acoustic indicators, the materials used must have good decoration and acoustic sound absorption characteristics.

V. Technical requirements of sound insulation door:

1) The timber of the door requires first-grade fir that has been dried and treated for antisepsis.

2) The superfine glass wool filled in the middle of the door requires 32kg / m3, and do not fill with broken cotton.

3) The entire door frame must be sealed without gaps. The attached industrial cotton felt must be flat, the barge joints must be small, and the sound insulation of the door must be greater than 35dB.

4) The finish of the entire door should be coordinated with the interior color. The specific color is determined by the construction unit and the construction unit.

5) Door hardware accessories (leaf-leaf, handle, lock) should use solid and reliable special products, and select SC professional sound insulation lock.