What Is a Hard Disk Circuit Board?

The hard disk motor is also the spindle motor system. The hard disk spindle motor drives the hard disk to rotate at high speed so that the wobble motor drives the magnetic head to scan and read the disk data ^[1] . Its main components are the spindle motor and related control circuits. The spindle motor is inside the disk cavity of the hard disk. The control circuit mainly refers to the "voice coil / spindle motor control chip" on the hard disk circuit board.

There are three modes of spindle motor operation: start mode, acceleration mode, and stable mode. After the hard disk is powered on, the spindle starts first, then enters the acceleration mode, and finally stabilizes and enters the stable mode.

In order to reduce deformation and achieve high speeds, manufacturers must use special bearings on the spindle motor, such as ball bearings or modified liquid bearings (using special lubricants to enhance the durability of the motor). Liquid bearings are characterized by low noise and low heat.

The rotation of the spindle motor drives the disc to rotate. "Hard disk speed" refers to the number of revolutions of the disk per minute. At present, the main hard disk speeds are 5400rpm, 7200rpm, 10000rmp and 15000rpm.

The importance of hard drive motors

Before the hard disk reads and writes, the motor must work stably before loading the magnetic head, and then read and write, and the user can read the correct information, so this user waiting time is often a sign of the user-defined hard disk startup speed. At the same time, during the hard disk's working process, the stable rotation of the hard disk can make the hard disk read and write speeds approximately uniform. This is also an important indicator for users to measure the hard disk read and transfer rate. related. Therefore, effective control of the hard disk motor is an important condition for the hard disk to work properly and improve read and write performance. In hard disks, it is particularly important to effectively control the hard disk motor. Because the radius of the disk is small, the relative rotational inertia is small, at the same time the track pitch is small, and the flying height of the magnetic head is relatively low. The impact is significant.

The motor, as a module that directly powers the normal operation of the disc, is a power converter that reads, writes, and transmits data correctly. After the hard disk is powered on, the motor is responsible for continuously converting the electrical energy source into the kinetic energy required for the high-speed rotation of the disc. At the same time, only when the speed of the disk reaches the minimum speed required for the hard disk to work normally, can the magnetic head be truly suspended on the disk to read and write data.

Typical characteristics of hard disk motors

1. After the hard disk is powered on, the platters cannot spin up or reach the minimum speed required for the hard disk to work;

2. After the hard disk is powered on, it emits a regular harsh sound;

3. Music appears on the hard disk after power up (some brands of hard disk).

Hard drive motor hard drive motor damage solution

Hard disk motor testing process

1. Power on the hard disk and check whether the hard disk platter can work normally;

2. Determine if there is a regular harsh sound after the hard disk is powered on.

Hard drive motor recovery process

1. Evaluate the damage of the hard disk motor. According to the matching requirements of the motor model, select the appropriate hard disk spare parts, and replace the faulty hard disk with the motor and head in the clean room (actually, replace the hard disk cavity). After the replacement is completed, connect the hard disk to the device for data reading;

2. If bad sectors are encountered during hard disk mirroring (which often occurs in actual cases), a corresponding bad sector solution must be adopted to control the device to read the hard disk data safely and quickly;

3. Logically analyze and verify the complete image of the hard disk backed up by the device. If the file system in the image is inconsistent, repair it according to the solution of the corresponding file system damage until the data required by the user is migrated.

Hard disk motor acceptance process

1. Make statistics on all the data that has been migrated, and ensure that all data required by users has been successfully migrated from the number of files and capacity;

2. Verify the integrity of all the data that has been migrated to ensure that the files are correct in terms of directory structure and underlying logic;

3. Perform targeted verification on the key data files specified by the user to ensure that the user's key data is successfully restored.

Possible causes of hard disk motor failure

1. The motor is damaged due to the collision of the hard disk.

2. The motor is damaged due to abnormal power supply.

3. The hard disk's own defect causes the motor to age too quickly.

Hard drive motor precautions

Don't bump the hard disk again. Multiple bumps are very likely to damage the hard disk platter. This will also cause fatal data damage. At the same time, data recovery will become extremely difficult or impossible to complete.

Do not make the hard disk continue to be powered on for a long time. At this time, adding electrodes may cause the hard disk platter to be scratched by the damaged magnetic head (affected by the motor). This will also destroy the data, and the data recovery work at this time will also It becomes extremely difficult or even impossible.

It is forbidden for non-professionals to disassemble and replace the damaged hard disk. The matching of the disk model of the hard disk, the environment of the disk replacement (clean room), and the security requirements of the data reading equipment are very strict. Irregular disc replacement operations will have a very serious impact on the data in the hard disk, and even permanently destroy the data on the disc.