What is a ring laser gyroscope?

Ring laser gyroscope is an accurate tool that uses a laser beam traveling in two directions to measure changes in an angle or direction. Gyroscopes are used in navigation systems for aircraft and boats and for consulting systems in missiles and accurate weapons. The principle of using light to measure changes in the direction is based on the research of French scientist Georges Sagnac made in 1913. Gyroscopes

use the principle of inertia to determine direction or changes in position. The rotating wheel of the gyroscope wants to stay in one position and resist the rotation. This can be proven by the upper part that resists pushing to one side, or tries to turn the kitten to the wheels to one side. In 1842 Christian Doppler found that the frequency of sound seems to be different from the listener if the source of the sound moves. It sounds moving towards a kicker seems higher and the movement occurs lower frequency. The effect also occurs with light and laser gyroscope uses this principle because two rays CThey estimate at slightly different distances when the gyroscope is moved or tilted, as Sagnac found.

The design of the ring laser gyroscope is usually a triangle with three same sides or a straight box. On the one hand, the triangle or box is located laser helium and laser beams are sent in the opposite directions around the triangle. Using mirrors and prisms, two rays are sent to the detector, which looks at light and dark lines created by two rays called interference formulas. The detector can look for changes in interference samples that will move or move if the gyroscope moves.

When the gyroscope is level, two laser beams return to the detector for the known time difference Ainterference formulas are stationary. Loading the annular laser gyroscope on one side causes the laser beams to return in slightly different timesAnd interference formulas move at speed in accordance with a lot of tilt. The detector can be calibrated to display tilt measuring for the rotation and bank indicator on the plane used for accurate turns, or to turn the compass used for navigation called directional gyro.

At the end of the 20th century, laser gyroscope technology for laser gyroscope began to replace mechanical gyroscopes. Before this time, Gyroscopes used wheels that spun at very high speeds to create a stable gyroscope effect. These gyroscopes required compressed air or power for power and were exposed to power losses due to mechanical friction. The gyroscope of the ring has no moving parts and once calibrated, it can provide excellent accuracy with minimal power loss.

The problem with early laser gyroscopes was the difficulty of measuring very small changes in Direction or inclination. This effect is called blocking and two laser beams appearIn the detector at the same time the increment as a not moving gyroscope, which is incorrectly interpreted as a level. One method to prevent this error, called mechanical dithering, uses a vibrating spring to move the detector at a specific speed to prevent locking. Another method spins the gyroscope at a specific speed to prevent fake level measurement, even if the unit is more expensive to produce.