What Are the Different Types of Corporate Plaques?

Typical crafts of engraving plaquesAs the plaque craft combination is different, the changes and effects are different. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the type of plaque craft. This should mainly be based on the type of plaque, the object to be granted, the use The occasion to determine the process of the process.

Plaque carving process

Right!

Typical crafts of engraving plaquesAs the plaque craft combination is different, the changes and effects are different. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the type of plaque craft. This should mainly be based on the type of plaque, the object to be granted, the use The occasion to determine the process of the process.

Chinese name

Plaque carving process

Plaque material

Colored plate, two-color plate, transparent plexiglass

Process classification

Cutting the word "Crystal" or carving and embossing

Process type

Hard to conclude

Typical crafts of engraving plaquesAs the craftsmanship of plaques is different, the changes and effects are different. Therefore, it is difficult to determine the type of plaques craftsmanship, which should mainly be based on the types of plaques, the objects to be granted, and the use The occasion to determine the process of the process.

Organic material plaque

1. Organic plates commonly used in making plaques.

There are the following.

(1) Colored board

Such as gorgeous board, PVC board and so on.

(2) Double color plate

It is a kind of two-color board, which is based on PVC and is covered with a thin layer of colored film. Its total thickness is between 1.2 and 1.5 mm. The base material is PVC with black, white, red, yellow, and green colors. The colored film layer on the surface is more diverse. In addition to the difference in color, the surface also has a variety of states that are very similar to metal texture or natural texture, such as gold, silver white, sand, brushed, and scratched, to express various decorative effects. . There are more than one hundred color combinations to choose from.

The two-color plate is most suitable for engraving of shallow plane graphics and texturing to make the veneer of the plaque. When the graphic and text are engraved through the colored film layer on the surface, the base color of the substrate will appear. In this way, both the surface layer is used as a large-area decorative layer and the bottom layer is used as a background for graphic colors to form a contrast of colors. The two-color plate is the most economical processing material in the plaque. It is suitable for non-durability, good use environment, and low-end products.

(3) Transparent plexiglass

Plexiglass materials have a crystal-like texture, crystal clear, and good plasticity. Different craftsmanship can be used to create different decorative effects, especially colorless transparent plexiglass, which is a typical material in organic plaques.

The plexiglass plaque is mainly made by carving or cutting. Engraving with an engraving machine has completely eliminated the traditional sawing process. It can produce effects such as cutting three-dimensional fonts, deep-engraving graphics, plane-level relief, image carving, three-dimensional sculpture, and so on.

2. Cut the word "crystal"

Cutting the word "crystal" or carving and embossed graphics are the most commonly used techniques for processing plaques for plexiglass processing (Figure 12-25). The cutting surface requires no melting knobs, no knife marks, no cracks, and small tools should be used for cutting. There are many specifications and shapes of small knives, and they should be selected according to the thickness of the organic plate, the depth of processing and the effect to be achieved. The tool specifications and performance are shown in the table below:

Tool name use specifications features effects

Single blade thread groove organic material cutting knife is specially used for cutting plexiglass below 5mm, ABS below 10mm, PVC below 20mm, diameter 2mm, 3.175mm, 4mm, tool length 38.45mm sharp, low noise, speed up to 2.4m / min The cutting surface is smooth and there are no traces of broken lines in the curved section

Double-bladed plexiglass cutter is specially used for plexiglass cutting diameters above 10mm, 3.175mm, 4mm, cutter length 35mm, 40mm, 45mm. Low noise and good strength. When the thickness is 20mm, the speed can reach 0.6m / min cutting surface Frosted

Double-blade straight flute milling cutter is specially used for milling flat 6mm flat-bottomed milling cutters with table surface and flat bottom. The table surface and bottom surface of the workpiece are flat. 3, relief pattern diameter 3.175mm, 4mm, cone ball radius 0.3 ~ 1.5mm processing surface smooth surface has a transparent feeling

Single-edged cone knife is used for engraving diameters of 3.175mm and 4mm for double-color plates.

Thread groove milling is used to roughen relief patterns and characters, and can be used for processing aluminum and copper metal with a diameter of 2mm, 3.175 sharp tools, smooth chip removal, and wide application area

Embossed plaque

Relief is a sculptural method that develops from planar sculpture to three dimensions. There are few changes in plane carving, lack of level transition, and limited artistic means to achieve creativity, while three-dimensional relief uses limited space on the base of the plane to shape graphics with three-dimensional images, so that the changes in the level of graphics and text transition naturally, The shape is full, and it is more artistically decorative, which is the direction of artistic development of the plaque.

Now take a plexiglass flat plate as an example. The thickness of this flat plexiglass should be more than 1 times the depth of the relief. The equipment for making relief should be a three-dimensional engraving machine, such as JDsign ( ) engraving machine. The professional software JDpaint assists the operator in designing the processed product (engraving CAD) and assists the operator in finishing the processing process, and generates a processing program (engraving CAM) executable by the engraving machine. Design software has design.

Perform the dual functions of machining.

During the embossing process, because the shape is more complicated than the plane engraving, the path part of the tool is a "small polyline", which has become the main reason that affects the embossing processing speed. The current engraving machine, in particular, uses a servo motor system and an advanced software system to adopt "small line segment smoothing" technology on the curved surface, which greatly improves the processing speed, and also improves the smoothness of the machine's movement, reducing the The jitter of the surface processing improves the smoothness and roughness of the surface processing. Therefore, using embossing technology and choosing a suitable software is very important.

Here is an example of a relief product "Old Street" (Figure 1):

Processing size: 315mmXl78mm;

Material used: 15mm plexiglass;

Equipment used: JDsign;

Processing features: direct modeling of network surfaces;

Use cutter: ball head JD-3, flat bottom JD-3;

Processing time: 55min;

Finished effect: Three-dimensional "mosaic" style, with different months, different shades, and different angles of radiant light on the logo under natural light, the three-dimensional relief effect is strong.

Third, polishing and finishing

Polishing is the trimming of the edges of the plexiglass cutting graphics. There are two methods of polishing: wheel polishing and flame polishing.

1. Wheel polishing

For flat or straight edges, wheel polishing is suitable. Wool felt wheels should be used as the polishing wheels for wheel polishing. The texture of wool felt wheels is delicate and soft, and will not hurt the surface of organic glass. The diameter of the polishing wheel is generally 150 250mm. The excessively high speed of the polishing wheel also leads to overheating and damage of the plexiglass. The power of the polishing machine is 0.5 lkW is sufficient, and the speed is more suitable at 2000r / min . Wheel polishing, especially in rough polishing, should apply polishing wax to the edge of the polishing wheel. The polishing wax used for plexiglass should be white wax that does not contain coarse-grained abrasives. Toothpaste can also be used as a friction agent to make the polished surface smooth and transparent.

2. Flame polishing

The graphics and text cut by the engraving machine will have more or less burrs. The cut surface is generally a matte rough surface. The inner edge of the graphics cannot be processed by wheel polishing. . Flame polishing is a process in which high-temperature flame is sprayed on a rough surface to be processed to melt uneven surfaces to reproduce a flat, transparent surface.

There are many special equipments for flame polishing, such as "Mingshan" brand and "Gold Leaf" brand flame polishing machine, etc. Its structure consists of DC power supply, electrolytic cylinder, pressure gauge, safety net and spray gun. It generates flammable gas The principle is to produce hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water, and ignite the mixture to generate high temperature open flame. The key of the flame polishing machine lies in the efficiency of electrolysis and the device to prevent the fire 66.

When polishing, a proper size spray gun should be selected first, and the nozzle diameter of the spray gun is from o. 2-1. 5mm is divided into 4 different sizes. The flame strength is adjusted by the flow valve on the spray gun.

Figure 2 shows the outline of the flame polisher, with different sizes of nozzles on the right. The distance between the nozzle and the processing surface during polishing is about 3-5mm. The nozzle should move back and forth at a uniform speed along the cross section of the cross section. Throw a horizontal surface until it is transparent, and then move forward gradually.

Overlapping in one place or in a vertical direction, the edges of the polished plexiglass graphics are completely clear and transparent, worthy of the reputation of the word "crystal".

3 Finishing

The decoration here includes two aspects. One is to modify the edge of the crystal word by using a variety of different colors of edging strips. The width of the edging strip matches the thickness of the colored glass material, and there are bayonets on both sides. When embedded in the outside of the glyph, a raised side groove is formed, which is very decorative. Another method of fine decoration is to engraving flat-bottomed graphics for organic plates. Since the graphics are not carved through the flat plate, the plaque still has a flat shape on one side. It can be evenly coated with a layer of colored transparent paint or pasted with a colored transparent organic sheet on the side of its plexiglass shape (the plaque is below and the ceiling is above) (if a colored light bulb or lamp tube is used, no further SMD), and several small light bulbs are hidden under it, as a light source for side illumination, see Figure 3. See Figure 12-24 for the effect. When the light source passes through the colored transparent layer and is illuminated along the side, the light is refracted by the engraving marks of the engraved graphics and text, and produces bright colors along the flesh of its graphic strokes. This decorative method was used in the early years as a scale screen for oscilloscopes to make scale displays have novel effects, and was later transplanted as a decorative service for plaques.