What Is the Equation of Exchange?

Exchange theory is deeply influenced by British classical political economy and Marx's economic thought. Smith argued in The Wealth of Nations that exchanges between commodities are an economic and social phenomenon that has prevailed in all societies and all ethnic groups since ancient times. This is so because all parties participating in the exchange expect to get remuneration or benefits from it, that is, to meet some of their own needs. This is the nature of human beings. It is. "Marx also believes that material communication is the premise of material production. Material production has always been social production, and it must be based on the common activities of many individuals, and this common activity can only be achieved through material interaction.

Exchange theory

according to

After the 1940s,

Generally speaking,

From the above discussion one can find that

Homans (George Casper Homans, 1910) American sociologist, one of the representatives of social exchange theory. Born in Boston. He graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1932 and stayed on to teach. From 1939 to 1941 he was a university lecturer. He served in the United States Navy during World War II. He returned to Harvard University in 1946 and transferred to the Department of Sociology. He was a professor of sociology in 1953 and the director of the department of sociology from 1967 to 1970. 1963-1964 President of the American Society of Society. He was influenced by structural functionalism early, emphasized the importance of small group research, and analyzed the behavioral variables, such as the relationship between activities, interactions, and emotions, and laid the foundation for exchange theory. In the later period, he emphasized the important role of people and their motives, thinking that the interaction between people is fundamentally an exchange process, reducing the sociological research to micro-social psychological research. He regards society as the result of individual actions and behavioral exchanges, and social structure is a collection of individual behaviors. Therefore, individual behaviors should become the highest principles of sociological research. Homans' sociological thought is called behaviorist exchange theory.