How Do I Get an Agricultural Education?

Agricultural education is school education with agricultural science and technology knowledge as the teaching content, as well as publicity, demonstration activities and farmer education related to agricultural technology promotion. It is an important means of imparting agricultural science knowledge and agricultural production technology. Knowledge, skills and ideas Moral activities to cultivate agricultural science and technology, managers and agricultural workers required by a certain society. Generally refers to school education with agricultural science and technology knowledge as teaching content; in a broad sense, it also includes publicity, demonstration activities and farmer education related to agricultural technology extension.

Agricultural education

Right!

Chinese name: Agricultural education

Foreign name: Agriculture Education
Universal education: About education for agriculture

Agricultural education in developed countries

Agricultural education in developed capitalist countries can be represented by the United States, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Japan.

The characteristics of agricultural education in the United States are to promote agricultural education through legislation, implement a system of combining agricultural colleges, agricultural test stations, and agricultural extension services, and establish many related mass organizations. Organized agricultural education began in the late 18th century. In 1862, the Land-Granting College Act was passed, which stipulated that the proceeds from the sale of public land should be used to fund at least one state college in each state offering agricultural and mechanical courses. After the Hatch Act was passed in 1877, the Agricultural Experimental Station, co-led by the Ministry of Agriculture, the State, and the State University Agricultural College, gradually developed into an integral part of the Agricultural College. The "Smith-Liver Act" passed in 1914 laid the foundation for the development of the promotion of agricultural technology; the extension service was also jointly led by the Ministry of Agriculture and the College of Agriculture, and was mainly based on the College of Agriculture. In this way, a complete system of agricultural teaching, agricultural scientific research, and agricultural extension is formed from state to county, and the State Agricultural College plays a central role in this system. After World War I, many state agro-industrial colleges developed into comprehensive universities. In addition, agricultural subjects and agricultural vocational education in American secondary schools have also developed rapidly. Various mass groups and clubs developed in the early 20th century to meet the needs of rural youth, such as the 4H Club (also known as the Four Health Association) and the Future Farmers' Association of America (FFA), etc. Role of agricultural education.

Federal German agricultural education has three levels: general agricultural vocational school. Adopt the "dual system", that is, students learn the practical skills while receiving the guidance of agricultural masters on the family farm during the study period; while studying the theory at school, the school system is 3 years. When students graduate, they must pass the national examination before they can obtain the qualification of farmers. Agricultural colleges. It is mainly aimed at farmers or agricultural vocational school graduates who have obtained agricultural vocational school graduation certificates, and after a certain number of years of study, they pass the national examination and obtain the qualification of agricultural master or agricultural technician. Higher agricultural colleges. Some of them target students who have undergone vocational training after graduating from a 10-year high school, with the goal of cultivating agricultural engineers; others are agricultural departments of universities with a 4-year education system, and the enrollment targets are generally 13-year high school graduates, and then 1 year of occupation. Educated students can obtain the title of engineer after 1 to 2 years of business internship before engaging in formal work after graduation.

Japan According to the new Japanese education system after the Second World War, junior high schools, high schools, and universities (including junior colleges, graduate schools, etc.) all conduct agricultural education. The junior middle school mainly provides general agricultural knowledge and skills education. Senior middle schools have a variety of agricultural disciplines, such as the "Agricultural Specialization Course" with a two-year regular system and the "Agricultural Specialization Course" with a full-time system of 1-2 years. The university agricultural education aims at training senior agricultural science and technology talents and government agricultural management cadres. In addition, there are various forms of agricultural specialized courses, refresher courses, and agricultural education in junior colleges.

Agricultural education in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

The undergraduate system of the Soviet Agricultural University varies by major, ranging from 4 to 6 years. In addition to classroom teaching in higher agricultural colleges, correspondence education is also more developed. The number of students in the Soviet agricultural correspondence classes accounted for about half of the total number of students in agricultural colleges. Agricultural colleges and universities are also an important force in Soviet agricultural scientific research. The postgraduate training system adopts a part-time graduate system. Among the secondary agricultural schools, the state farm technical school has developed rapidly. Each year, nearly 200,000 graduates from secondary agricultural technical schools graduate, about twice as many as graduates from higher agricultural colleges. In addition, there are agricultural cadre training schools for technical personnel and leading cadres with a secondary professional education level, various primary agricultural schools, 1- and 2-year agricultural schools, non-discontinued agricultural technology training courses, and short-term training courses. .

Eastern European countries generally start the division or elect vocational courses in the last year or high school equivalent of junior middle schools, and most of them have agricultural subjects. There are also agricultural vocational schools and secondary technical schools. However, different countries have their own characteristics. For example, in Democratic Germany, those who complete an 8-year middle school can enter an agricultural vocational school, and those who complete a 10-year middle school can enter a higher agricultural school or agricultural college. Poland implements three different forms of secondary agricultural education: one is an agricultural school for compulsory youths, no certificate is issued; one is a basic agricultural school, which mainly trains administrators and skilled workers; one is secondary Agricultural schools, some of which are targeted at graduates of 8-year ordinary schools, and some are mainly graduates of agricultural schools and basic agricultural schools. After graduation, students can enter higher agricultural colleges. Almost all Romanian schools implement 12-year vocational secondary education, of which agricultural vocational and technical schools account for approximately 21%. Senior agricultural vocational middle schools are mainly to train skilled workers. After graduation, students can apply for the agricultural university; after graduation, ordinary agricultural vocational middle school students can obtain the title of "master", but they cannot directly apply to the university.

Agricultural Education in Developing Countries

With the exception of China, India can serve as a representative. Prior to the 1960s, agricultural education was still relatively backward. After 1949, the Indian government began to establish "rural universities" in various states through the US land-grant colleges. The first agricultural university was established in Pantenaga, Uttar Pradesh in 1960, and is now renamed the Agricultural Technical University. Since then, such universities have been established in many other states. After the 1960s, with the development of the "Green Revolution", some developing countries gradually formed a set of formal high and secondary agricultural education systems and agricultural vocational training networks. In addition, "new technology training centers" and "promoter training centers" have been set up extensively to provide technical education for agricultural workers; rural women and young people can participate in various agricultural development training courses.