How Do I Get Started In Dump Truck Driving?

Dump truck refers to a special vehicle that uses the engine power of the vehicle to drive a hydraulic lifting mechanism, tilts its compartment at a certain angle to unload, and relies on the weight of the compartment to reset it.

Dump truck refers to a special vehicle that uses the engine power of the vehicle to drive a hydraulic lifting mechanism, tilts its compartment at a certain angle to unload, and relies on the weight of the compartment to reset it.

Chinese name

Dump Truck

Also known as

Dump truck

Make up

Power take-offs and cargo compartments

Advantage

Shorten transportation cycle and improve production efficiency

Dump Truck Introduction

The structure of the engine, chassis and cab is the same as that of a general truck. The carriage can be tipped backwards or sideways, and the piston rod movement is controlled by the operating system. Later tipping is more common, and the piston rod is pushed to make the carriage tip over. A few dumped in both directions. The high-pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and the oil pipe, and there is a cab safety protection plate at the front end of the cabin. The engine drives a hydraulic pump through a transmission and a power take-off device. The cabin hydraulic tipping mechanism is composed of an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a distribution valve, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, a control valve, and an oil pipe. The engine drives a hydraulic pump through a transmission and a power take-off device. High-pressure oil enters the lifting hydraulic cylinder through the distribution valve and the oil pipe, and pushes the piston rod to tip the cabin. Lateral tipping is more common, and the control of the piston rod movement through the operating system can stop the car in any desired tilt position. The carriage is reset by its own gravity and hydraulic control.

The main technical parameters of a dump truck are the load weight, and the loading volume is indicated. New or overhauled vehicles must be commissioned to ensure that the car is lifted smoothly without any movement. When using, all parts should be properly selected according to the regulations, which greatly saves the unloading time and labor, pay attention to the lubrication cycle, and the lifting mechanism strictly replaces the oil on schedule. Ship at the rated load. Overload is strictly prohibited.

According to the carrying capacity of the chassis, it can be divided into light truck series dump, medium ton series dump and large tonnage series dump.

According to the driving form, it can be divided into single bridge dump, double bridge dump, front four rear eight dump, front four rear ten and other series models;

According to the unloading hydraulic lifting mechanism, it can be divided into single-top dump and double-top dump.

Dump Truck Classification

Dump trucks can be divided into two categories according to their purpose:

One category is heavy and extra heavy dump trucks for off-highway transportation. It mainly undertakes transportation tasks such as large mines and water conservancy sites, and is usually used with excavators. These vehicles are also called mining dump trucks. Its length, width, height and other outline dimensions and axle loads are not restricted by highway regulations, but can only be used on mines and construction sites.

The other category is light, medium and heavy general dump trucks for road transportation. It mainly undertakes the transportation of loose goods such as sand, earth, coal and so on. Some dump trucks are designed for special purposes, so they are also called special dump trucks, such as swing-arm dump trucks, dump trucks, etc. Figure 1 shows the structure of an ordinary dump truck.

The ordinary dump truck is divided into:

Light dump trucks (less than 3.5 tons), neutral dump trucks (3.5 to 8 tons) and heavy dump trucks (more than 8 tons).

Divided according to the dumping direction of the cargo:

Backward, sideways, three-side and bottom dump trucks.

Divided according to the structure of the car rails:

Dump truck with one side open, three side open and dustpan (without back rail).

Dump Truck Dump Truck Operation Rules

I. Inspection before driving

1. Check whether the vehicle's lifting alarm and indicator lights in the cab of the dumper are valid, and the various operating positions of the lifting control handle should be accurate and reliable.

2. It should be checked that the hydraulic working system pipes and joints of the dump truck are secure and free of leakage, the oil path is free, and the operation is free, and there must be no jamming.

3. Check whether the automatic locking and opening mechanism of the dumper is flexible and effective, and keep the technical conditions of the rest of the vehicle in a perfect state.

Second, the dump truck driving

1. The driver of the dump truck in the factory must strictly abide by the Regulations on Road Traffic Management, Standards for Management of Traffic Safety in the Factory and Code of Work Safety while driving.

2. Before starting the vehicle, observe the surroundings of the vehicle and confirm that it is safe. (The air brake of the car waits for the barometer reading to reach the specified value). After starting, you should accelerate slowly and slowly according to the operating instructions.

3. When using an automatic dump truck to transport goods, it should be loaded in a balanced manner according to the specified tonnage. Super high, heavy, and unbalanced loads are strictly prohibited. When loading large or heavy goods, the goods must not get stuck on the railing of the carriage.

4. The dumper is suitable for loading bulk materials. Measures should be taken when loading blocks to avoid deformation of the carriage and damage to the locking mechanism during unloading. It is strictly prohibited to carry flammable and explosive crystals. .

5. Passengers are not allowed inside the dump truck cabin, outdoor platform, foot pedal, etc., but 1 to 4 people can be loaded and loaded with effective locking devices.

6. Before unloading the dump truck, you should carefully check whether there are wires or other obstacles above the car, and there should be no personnel nearby to dump it. Under special circumstances, special personnel should be set up to monitor and maintain a sufficient safety distance from the wires or obstacles above.

7. When the excavator loads the dump truck, the driver's cab is not allowed to sit.

8. Before the dump truck body is lifted, the lock pin should be pulled out.

9. The lifting operation of the automatic dump truck should be smooth. It is not allowed to step on the accelerator suddenly, and it is forbidden to drive in the lifting state (except during the loading process).

10. It is not allowed to rule out the failure of the car opening mechanism when the car is in the lifted state. If repairs must be performed, the car should be supported by a brace to prevent sudden fall.

11. When unloading an automatic dump truck, a flat site should be selected to discharge to the pit. When discharging material in the ditch, a corresponding safety distance should be maintained from the edge of the pit and ditch, and a retaining pier should be installed to prevent overturning. When unloading vehicles in particularly dangerous areas (high-slope edges, etc.), there should be a person in charge who is responsible for safety supervision.

12. The drop operation of the dump truck should be stable and not allowed to fall while walking. After dumping is complete, the dump door should be locked securely and the joystick placed in the neutral position.

Third, after the dump truck maintenance

1. When overhauling the dump truck, the shift lever should be placed in the neutral position, and safety protection measures such as braking and covering the wheel should be taken. For example, when carrying out the maintenance work on the carriage in the state of the carriage, safety measures such as effective support must be taken.

2. After the engine of the dump truck goes out, check the ammeter for leakage. At the same time, check the cabin lift alarms, indicators, etc. in the cab, which must be complete and effective.

3. Clean the whole car, check the screw tightening of each part, check tires and steel rings, leaf springs, lifting ears, riding bolts, etc.

4. Check for supplementary lubricating oil, fuel oil, hydraulic oil, etc., and check for leaks at the joints of various pipelines. ^[1]