What Are the Different Types of Apparel Industry Jobs?

China is a country with a population of 1.3 billion, and is the world's largest consumer and producer of clothing. In recent years, China's clothing industry has developed significantly. The development of the clothing industry has greatly promoted the development of China's national economy. In 2005, the total output value of textile and clothing accounted for about one-tenth of the national total output value, and it has been exported for five consecutive years. The foreign exchange earning surplus is the first. The clothing industry has always made a huge contribution to China's export earnings. At the same time, China has become the world's largest garment production and processing base. Every three garments in the world are produced in China.

Garment Industry

From January to December 2007, China's clothing enterprises above the designated size completed a total of 20.159 billion garments, of which 9.456 billion were woven garments and 10.703 billion were knitted garments. Compared with the same period of 2006, they increased by 14.36%, 13.13%, and 15.47, respectively. %.

In line with the development of the textile industry, China's textile standardization work has been continuously improved and improved, and notable achievements have been made. The textile standardization work has made due contributions to meet the needs of the country's economic construction and the development of the textile industry. appears in:

1. The standards from textile materials to finished products and clothing have formed a system and scale. As of the end of 2002, there were 885 textile and apparel standards (excluding fiber raw material standards), of which 383 were national standards and 502 were textile industry standards. A textile standard system based on product standards and supporting basic standards has been formed, including There are four types of terms: symbol standard, test method standard, material standard, and product standard. They involve fibers, yarns, filaments, fabrics, textile products, and clothing. They basically meet the production and trade needs of textiles and clothing from the quantity and coverage. .

2,

First of all, the standard systems formed are different. The main content of ISO or foreign national textile standards is basic standards, focusing on unified terminology, unified test methods, and unified assessment methods, so that the data provided by all parties are comparable and versatile. Formed a standard system based on basic standards, plus related product standards supporting end-use products. The product standard only specifies the product's performance indicators and the referenced test method standards. For a large number of products, there is no national standard in foreign countries, and the specifications, performance indicators, inspection rules, and packaging of the product are stipulated in the contract or agreement with the purchaser based on the use of the product or the price given by the purchaser. And so on.

Many of China's current textile product standards are the products of the planned economic system. The formed standard system is mainly based on raw material or process product standards. It is mainly divided into cotton textile printing and dyeing, wool textiles, hemp textiles, silk products, and knitwear. , Thread, chemical fiber, yarn-dyed fabric. Standards are also established by use, but the proportion is very small. In addition to performance indicators, the standards also include inspection rules such as factory inspection, type inspection, and re-inspection, forming a standard chain of various types of raw material products "yarns-natural fabrics-printing and dyeing fabrics."

Secondly, standards play different functions. Foreign countries use open standards at the national level as the technical basis for delivery and acceptance. They are formulated from the perspective and needs of guiding users to purchase products. They are called trade standards. Enterprise standards are the technical basis for organizational production. The technical content of this trade-based standard is relatively concise, general, and flexible.

In contrast, most of the functions of product standards in China are used to organize production. They are determined from the perspective of guiding the production of enterprises. They are called production standards. In order to facilitate the production of enterprises, the technical content of standards is generally specified in more specific, more detailed, and more dead.

With the development of the market economy, new varieties of textile products continue to emerge, which determines that concise and flexible trade-type standards can better meet the needs of the market. The scope of China's production standards is relatively narrow, covering a small variety of products, resulting in a large number of standards, but still can not keep up with the speed of product development.

Third, there is a gap in standards. Due to the different functions of the standard, there is a certain gap in the technical content of the standard, such as the setting of assessment items and the level of performance indicators.

The fabric standards developed by foreign countries according to the end use, the evaluation items are closer to the actual use, such as wear resistance, yarn slip resistance, fluff and pilling, light fastness and so on. China's fabric standards also lack assessment indicators such as seam slipping, fluffing and pilling, dry cleaning size changes, light fastness and color fastness, etc., and cannot meet people's requirements for the comfort and aesthetics of products. Appraisal of clothing mainly focuses on the appearance quality such as the specifications deviation, color difference, sewing, and defects of the clothing, and the main elements that constitute the clothing --- fabric and lining are ignored when determining the product grade.

The standards formulated by China according to the concept of production-oriented standards cannot be applied to situations where the trade relationship exceeds the producer and purchaser. For example, different color fastness grades are formulated according to dye types and processes, and the assessment basis is determined in the acceptance of trade delivery. difficult. The quality standards of foreign standards are strictly controlled, and the color fastness is generally higher than the domestic index of 1 to 1.5, especially the friction color fastness is more different.

Opening up the product standards, a lot of standard texts wrote that "superior products are equivalent to the international advanced level, first-class products are equivalent to the international general level", etc. In fact, only the level of individual single indicators has reached the international level, but the comprehensive performance No; there are individual standards that adopt standards, and their content is far from foreign standards.

Fourth, foreign standards have formed technical barriers. With the gradual reduction of trade barriers, countries are making use of the relevant provisions of the TBT to create technical barriers. The effective way to make technical barriers is regulations and standards. Directive 2002/61 / EC jointly issued by the European Parliament and the European Commission on July 19, 2002-Directive 76/769 / EEC of the European Commission on Restricting the Sales and Use of Certain Dangerous Substances and Preparations (Azo Dyes) The 19th Amendment Order, together with the European Commission's decision on amending and issuing the European Community Eco-label (2002/371 / EC) issued on May 15, 2002, is Two major steps have been taken to establish a complete green barrier in market access for textiles and consumer goods. China's possible impact as the world's largest textile producer and exporter is obviously not to be underestimated.

For many reasons, there are many inferior products and substandard products in imported textiles. However, China's technical regulations and compulsory standards are lacking to effectively monitor the quality of imported products. The Basic Technical Safety Requirements for Textiles, which was developed in 2000, has not yet been approved, and it will not play a role in resisting foreign defective products.