What Does a Slater Do?

Slater's law is the law used to calculate the effective nuclear charge. Zeff = Z- (shielding constant).

Slater's law

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Slater's law is the law used to calculate the effective nuclear charge. Zeff = Z- (shielding constant).

Chinese name

Slater's law

Foreign name

Slater rules

Formula

Zeff = Z-

Function

Calculate Effective Nuclear Charge

Application

Calculate the value of an electron in an atom

The rule used to calculate the effective nuclear charge. Zeff = Z- (shielding constant)

The Slater rule can be used to roughly divide the electrons in the atom into the following groups

(1s) (2s, 2p) (3s, 3p) (3d) (4s, 4p) (4d) (4f) (5s, 5p) (5d) (5f) (6s, 6p) (6d) (6f)

a) Each group on the right side of the shielded electron has = 0 to the shielded electron

It can be considered that the outer electrons have no shielding effect on the inner electrons.

b) = 0.3 between two electrons in 1s orbit, = 0.35 between other layered electrons with the same main quantum number

c) When the shielded electron is ns or np, then each electron of the main quantum number (n-1) has a = 0.85, and each electron smaller than (n-1) has a = 1.

d) When the shielded electrons are nd or nf, the shielding constant = 1 for each group of electrons to their left

When calculating the value of an electron in an atom, you can add the value of the shielding electron to the electron to obtain

Example 1 Calculate the value of other electrons for a 3p electron in an aluminum atom

The electronic structure of the aluminum atom is 1s22s22p63s23p1 = 2 × 0.35 + 8 × 0.85 + 2 × 1 = 9.5