What Is Vocational Guidance?

Career guidance refers to the guidance, counselling, consulting and other services provided around the career development process. At present, people generally equate career guidance with employment guidance, and some people equate with career planning. But in fact, career guidance has a very broad meaning, including career diagnosis, career counseling, career planning, workplace navigation, career counseling, career psychological counseling, and so on.

Career guidance

Career guidance varies from person to person. Fresh graduates of colleges and technical colleges who are about to enter the workplace, newcomers to the workplace, seniors in the workplace, elites in the workplace, professionals in the workplace, and even high-school graduates. The problems encountered are very different and the guidance needed It could be very different. Some need guidance on how to apply for a job (find a job), some need guidance on how to perform a promotion (do a job), some need guidance on how to resign and change jobs (change jobs), and some need guidance on how to transform and start a business (inviting people to work) . How to find a job, how to do a job, how to change a job, how to start a business are all the areas of career guidance. Career guidance has a very broad meaning.

Career guidance is the personal and career-related background (including educational background, career interests, career pursuits, career goals, career experience, and life) of the party (mentor, instructor) who provides guidance as needed (mentor). Values, etc.), to diagnose, analyze, evaluate, and judge around specific issues raised by him, to provide him with services such as career counseling, career counseling, and workplace navigation, and jointly work out reasonable solutions. Career guidance includes guidance for job hunting and employment, guidance for fulfillment and promotion, guidance for resignation, job transition guidance, etc.

It can be seen that career guidance is greater than

Provide career counseling and develop career potential; guide the establishment of correct employment and employment concepts; guide the design of careers; improve job search and recruitment skills. At present, vocational guidance for job seekers and employers is being carried out across the country. A vocational guidance room has been set up, and a vocational instructor has been added. In the process of employment introduction, vocational guidance procedures have been added. I hope that vocational guidance will help employment Service work is more effective and efficient. They use vocational guidance technology to help laid-off and unemployed people change their employment concepts, help them understand themselves, understand occupations, and choose jobs with a more rational attitude. At the same time, a group of standardized employment agencies and outstanding career guidance personnel stood out, pushing the career guidance work to a new level. After several years of exploration, the goal of career guidance has become clearer. This goal is to closely integrate the reality of employment work, make it more effective in promoting employment, and maximize its role in employment service work. Career guidance staff deeply understand that the implementation of career guidance is not only to promote a technology, but also to implement a strategy.

"Teaching people to fish" is not as good as "teaching people to fish" . For different groups of people, the tasks of career guidance are different, including:

Guidance on how to apply for employment (find a job);

Instructing how to get promoted (do work);

Instructing how to resign (change jobs);

Instructing how to transform your business (inviting people to work).

For example, taking vocational guidance for college and secondary school students as an example, in addition to providing employment information, training labor skills, providing consulting, introducing units, and recommending positions, the more important vocational guidance tasks are as follows:

Guidance on how to plan a career, how to choose an industry, how to choose a career, how to choose a job, how to choose a company, how to choose a boss, how to collect and analyze recruitment information, how to interpret corporate job requirements, how to evaluate your job competence, how to write a resume, how to interview , How to talk about salary, how to evaluate salary and benefits, how to judge whether the employer is suitable for themselves, how to choose Offer, and so on.

Different people need different career guidance at different stages of career development. The career guidance required by fresh graduates is mainly around how to find a job for job hunting. The career guidance needed by people in the workplace is how to do work to improve performance, promotion and salary increase, how to change jobs to resign, and how to transform and start a business Create jobs, etc.

Surveys show that 97% of workplace professionals think they need a mentor. It can be said that almost everyone in the workplace wants the guidance of a workplace mentor to help them solve problems in the workplace. The survey also shows that workplace people are generally willing to share their workplace experience and become workplace mentors for others, a proportion of 84%. ^[1]

What kind of career guidance is effective:

• Appropriate identitiesworkers, career coaches have richer practical experience and lessons in the workplace than those being coached; those who come to the workplace, the coaches have the same or similar background as the coachees, have personal experience, have real cases, and are familiar with coaching Target industry, occupation, position, etc .; relationship is independent, there is no family relationship, no friendship relationship, no teacher-student relationship, no interest relationship between the instructor and the instructor. .

• 1-to-1 interaction-8% of text message transmission effect, 37% of voice information transmission effect, and 55% of body language transmission effect; unilateral preaching, the effect of guidance will be greatly reduced, and face-to-face interaction is required.

• Personalized, different from person to person, targeting the special circumstances of the target, including its past education background, professional background, current career development status, future career pursuits, inner professional values, family expectations, current encounters Specific problems, etc., to conduct comprehensive analysis, evaluation, and propose solutions.

• Agreement Charges-Whether or not to guide fees is determined by negotiation between the two parties and must be implemented after the negotiation. It can be paid free of charge, preferably paid, because the quality of the charge guarantees quality and the benefit mechanism guarantees it.

According to the "

Vocational guidance network emphasizes interaction and advocates personalized, one-on-one, face-to-face career guidance. Career Guidance Network believes that to provide effective guidance, the premise is to quickly understand the problems of the guidance target in a short time, and to operate in accordance with the process specifications, the specific steps are as follows:

First of all, make a statement of the status quo, so that the guide can make a full and frank statement, and guide them to talk about the professional problems they face in the workplace (confirm specific problems and avoid general infinity) and the problems behind them through interactive quizzes;

Second, the problem analysis should identify the problem and the reason behind the problem;

Third, comprehensive discussions, combined with the specific requirements, goals, and objectives of the guidance target, make joint analysis and judgment;

Fourth, the solution, the mentor conceives the solution and evaluation together with the mentoring target based on his professional background / experience, personal experience, personally handled cases, his own experience and perceptions, and learned experiences and lessons. Plan and make action plan;

Fifth, on-site training, according to the solution and implementation plan jointly made by the two parties, provide necessary guidance to the guide.

The generation and development of vocational guidance is based on a certain level of development of productive forces and changes in industrial structure. From the development of productive forces to changes in the industrial structure, from the structure of the social labor system to the renewal of the functions of the management department, all aspects from enterprise employment to school education must have corresponding conditions and supporting systems. In our country, the comprehensive social changes driven by the transition of the economic system have put forward requirements and created certain conditions for vocational guidance. Specifically, it is reflected in the following aspects.

First, vocational guidance is the product of industrialization to a certain extent.

In China, since the reform and opening up, the level of productivity has been greatly improved, the process of industrialization is gradually accelerating, and the social industrial structure is undergoing significant changes. That is, the labor force is changing from the first and second industries to the third and fourth industries. The rise of the industry and information industry has caused changes in the structure of social employment, which has led to changes in the occupational structure, and objective requirements for vocational guidance have emerged.

Second, from the perspective of the generation of career guidance, the operating mechanism of allocating human resources based on the market is the inherent driving force for the generation and development of career guidance.

The development of China's market economy has caused the state of labor factors to begin to affect employment competition and employment competition, thereby motivating employees to pay attention to changes in occupation choices and job needs, and continuously improve their professional and technical qualities and market adaptability, and expand their employment adaptability. And increase employment opportunities. Therefore, the role of career guidance in personal life will become increasingly apparent.

Third, occupational renewal and mobility caused by the development of social science and technology and informationization are another driving force for career guidance.

Whether job replacement and mobility channels are smooth depends on the improvement of employment, employment, training, and wage systems that are compatible with the market economic system. Since the 1980s, the Chinese government has successively released a series of reform plans for labor and employment systems, personnel systems, and wage systems in the economic system reform. It aims to change the personnel system that is unified and divided by the national labor department under the traditional planning system, such as The implementation of the labor contract system, the establishment of a national civil service system, the construction of a talent market, the expansion of the employment autonomy of enterprises, and the enhancement of university graduates' autonomy in job selection have created certain social conditions for the two-way choice of individual employment and job selection.

Fourth, the development of education has become increasingly prominent in vocational guidance.

In industrialized countries, scientific knowledge and its applications have become an important support for economic and productive forces. As systematic scientific knowledge plays an increasingly important role in professional labor, individuals must adapt to the needs of professional labor with the help of systems. Local school education. Facing the increasingly diverse and complicated social occupations under the conditions of industrialized production, school education has begun to play the role of selecting and distributing the occupations of members of society. The level of educational qualifications can affect individuals' different career levels. The choice of schools and majors can define the scope of individual career choices, as outlined by Japanese scholars. The most powerful social institution plays its role. " In countries with a high degree of industrialization, they attach great importance to the role of vocational guidance education through schools.

No two people in the workplace are the same. They are either in different industries, or in different occupations, or in different professions, or in different positions, or in different degrees, or in different career pursuits, or in different career goals, or in a company / team. / Different family environments, or different economic conditions, or different hobbies, etc., different people have different career guidance needs, even if they are in the same school, the same grade, the same class, the same group, they need The career guidance is not the same.

In order to achieve personalized professional guidance and meet personalized guidance needs, it is necessary to teach differently according to different people, and to change the traditional single-direction teaching mode. Through full communication and interaction between the two parties, we must understand and analyze the needs in depth. Based on the actual situation of the guidance object, effective guidance can be provided. Therefore, career guidance must be personalized.

With the rapid development of society, competition in the workplace is bound to become increasingly fierce. In order to meet the needs of the rapid development of competition, everyone wants to be quicker and less detoured in the workplace. Therefore, whenever we encounter complex workplace occupational problems, we hope to get solutions. Therefore, career guidance must be targeted and targeted at specific career issues.

The development of the Internet has created a possibility for the rapid supply of career guidance services and also provided service guarantees. The platform set up by the Vocational Guidance Network will break the traditional education and training mode, so that any person with any workplace occupational problems can find mentor guidance anytime, anywhere. The job guide network breaks the traditional thinking pattern of crossing the river by feeling the stones.

Subtitle: Career Planning Tutorial

Original name: The Career Fitness Program: Exercising Your Options

Author: [US] Diane Zack Nick / [US] William Dart classes / [US] Lisa Chizhov door

Translator: Li Yang / Zhang Yi / Xiao Hui

Publisher: China Labor and Social Security Press

Publication year: 2005-6

Pages: 302

Price: 22.00 yuan

Binding: paperback

ISBN: 9787504550309